Processing induced changes in physicochemical structure properties and nutrient metabolism and their association in cool-season faba (CSF: Vicia L.), revealed by vibrational FTIR spectroscopy with chemometrics and nutrition modeling techniques

Abstract

This review aims to update recent progress in processing induced molecular structure changes in the association of physicochemical structure properties with nutritional metabolism in cool-season faba bean (Vicia L.), which was revealed using advanced vibrational molecular spectroscopy in combination with chemometrics and advanced nutrient modeling techniques. The review focused on strategies to improve the utilization of the cool-season faba bean through heat-related technological treatments and the relationship of the processing induced molecular structural changes to nutrient delivery and metabolism in ruminant systems. The updated methods with truly absorption nutrient modeling techniques and advanced vibrational molecular spectroscopy techniques sourced by globar and synchrotron radiation (e.g. NIR, near Infrared, FTIR, Fourier transform infrared, DRIFT, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform, ATR-FTIR, attenuated total reflectance-FTIR, FTIRM, FTIR micro-spectroscopy, SR-FTIRM, synchrotron radiation- FTIRM) to study cool-season faba bean were reviewed. This article provides an insight and a new approach on how to combine advanced nutrient modeling techniques with cutting-edge vibrational molecular spectroscopic techniques to study the processing induced molecular structure change in relation to molecular nutrition of cool-season Vicia faba as well as the interaction between molecular structure and molecular nutrition.

Keywords:

• Technological processing
• molecular structure
• vibrational spectroscopy
• nutrient metabolism
• modeling
• cool-season Vicia faba

Additional information

Funding

The Ministry of Agriculture Strategic Research Chair (PY) Program fund from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC-Individual Discovery Grant and NSERC-CRD Grant), the Saskatchewan Pulse Growers (SPG), the SaskCanola, Saskatchewan Agriculture Strategic Research Chair Program Fund, the Agricultural Development Fund (ADF), the SaskMilk, the Saskatchewan Forage Network (SNK), the Western Grain Research Foundation (WGRF), the SAU 111 Project D17015, the Prairie Oat Growers Association (POGA), etc. are acknowledged. The National Synchrotron Light Source in Brookhaven National Laboratory (NSLS-BNL, New York, USA) and Advanced Light Source in Berkeley National Laboratory (ALS-BNL) are supported by the U.S. Department of Energy. Canadian Light Source Inc. at the University of Saskatchewan (Saskatoon, Canada) is supported by various Canadian federal and provincial funds. The authors are grateful to Lisa Miller for synchrotron beamtime arrangement at ALS and NSLS, valuable discussion and/or collaborations, and Randy Smith (NSLS-BNL, New York) and Hans Bechtel (ALS, Berkeley) for helpful synchrotron data collection at ALS and NSLS.