Volatiles in Turkish clementine (Citrus clementina Hort.) peel

Abstract

The peel extract of clementine (Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan.) grown in Turkey was obtained by cold pressed (CP) and supercritical CO₂ extraction (SFE) methods. The chemical compositions of the volatile extract samples were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In total, sixty-nine components have been identified corresponding to the (99.8%) of the whole volatiles in both samples. CP extraction led to lower amount of oxygenated compounds (3.7%) than the SFE extraction (4.2%); among these, carbonyls were predominant (2.09–2.10%) followed by alcohols (1.32–1.60%) and esters (0.12–0.40%). The main component is limonene (88.12–89.28%) followed by myrcene (4.64–3.77%). The oxygenated compounds present at higher levels are linalool (1.02–1.24%) and decanal (0.71–0.72%).

Keywords:

• Rutaceae
• Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan.
• cold-pressed peel oil
• supercritical CO₂ extract
• limonene

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Research Fund of Istanbul University. Project number: 4702. The authors thank the West Mediterranean Citrus Research Institute Experimental Plantation Station (Batı Akdeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü; BATEM) Antalya, South Turkey.