Determination of essential oil compositions and antimicrobial activity of Achillea gypsicola Hub.-Mor. at different plant parts and phenological stages

ABSTRACT

In this study, composition and antimicrobial effects of essential oils of Achillea gypsicola Hub.-Mor. root-stem, leaf, flower, flower head samples were evaluated periodically and daily. Major components of the essential oils were camphor, 1,8-cineol and borneol. Significant differences in camphor, 1,8-cineole and borneol ratios were determined depending on the phenological periods, plant parts and harvest time. The highest major component rates were detected in camphor obtained from root-stem samples harvested at full flowering period-1 pm, in 1,8-cineole obtained from flower head samples harvested before seed maturation stage, and in borneol obtained from root-stem samples harvested at pre-flowering stage-6 am. A total of 23 new compounds were first detected in A. gypsicola. When all plant parts are evaluated, it was determined that flower head samples harvested in the evening at seed maturation stage and leaf samples harvested in the evening at post flowering stage showed strong antimicrobial activities against microorganisms.

KEYWORDS:

• Borneol
• camphor
• 1,8-cineole
• developmental stages
• volatile oil composition

Highlights

1. Essential oil of A. gypsicola examined at different organs for the first time

2. 1,8-Cineole, camphor and borneol were major components of the all organs

3. A total of 23 new compounds were identified in essential oil of A. gypsicola

4. Antimicrobial activity in essential oil of A. gypsicola stated for the first time.

Acknowledgments

The author expresses their gratitude to Ordu University, also thank Research Assistant Ayşegül Kırlı for english editing of the article.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).