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Original Articles

The Effects of a PETTLEP Imagery Intervention on Learners' Coincident Anticipation Timing Performance

Pages 204-221 | Received 02 Apr 2017, Accepted 31 Jul 2017, Published online: 29 Aug 2017
 

Abstract

Little research has examined how imagery effects learners' acquisition of motor tasks requiring coincident anticipation timing (CAT). CAT is a fundamental component of hitting, passing, and receiving required in several sports. The purpose of the current study was to examine the effects of a PETTLEP imagery intervention on learners' CAT performance using a Bassin Anticipation Timer. Fifty-six participants (M = 20.61 years, SD = 2.48) were randomly assigned into one of four training groups: physical practice (PP), imagery practice (IP), imagery practice + physical practice (IP +PP), or a control (CON) group. The study consisted of three phases: pretest, intervention, and a posttest. Results revealed that the PP and IP+PP groups had significantly lower absolute timing error compared to the CON group on the posttest. The IP+PP group was the only group to have lower variable error compared to the CON group on the posttest. Results extend prior research by demonstrating that imagery combined with physical practice can benefit the learning of a CAT task and that imagery alone may not assist learners in acquiring tasks requiring CAT. Results are congruent with prior research demonstrating that imagery is most effective when combined with physical practice.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Association for Applied Sport Psychology's (AASP) Research Grant. We thank AASP for their monetary support, which enabled the research team to acquire the necessary equipment to carry out the investigation.

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