Abstract
This paper critically reviews self-presentational behavior, cognition, and affect in competition and sport. It is subdivided into three main sections. The first section focuses on self-handicapping behavior, describing what it is and why it occurs. Self-handicapping research is reviewed followed by suggestions for future study. In section two, cognitions related to stereotypes about individuals who play certain sports are discussed. The third and final section examines demographic, environmental, and physical self-perception correlates of social physique anxiety as well as the tenability of CitationLeary's (1992) conceptualization of competitive anxiety.
Notes
1Values are weighted by sample size and based on data from 668 participants in studies conducted by CitationCarron, Prapavessis, and Grove (1994), CitationHausenblas and Carron (1996), CitationRyska, Yin, and Cooley (1998), and Prapavessis and Grove (1999).