Abstract
The effects of laser (single, double, and triple pulse laser) and plasma treatment (time and voltage variation) on rice seeds (KS-186) with and without seed coat are investigated in this research work. Germination rate, fungus attack, root to stem ratio and water absorption was explored. The germination rate of the seeds reached 86% and maximum water absorption for 3- and 4-min plasma treated seeds whereas 100% growth rate is observed for single pulsed LASER treated leads to best root to stem ratio. In contract to the LASER treatment, there was no fungus attack on seeds with seed coat treated with plasma as compared to untreated seed coat. The protein analysis reveals that nutritional contents of seeds were enhanced due to irradiation by laser.
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Notes on contributors
Tahir Iqbal
Tahir Iqbal is a lead researcher at the Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Gujrat (UoG), Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan.
Muhammad Salim
Muhammad Salim is a PhD Scholar at the Department of Physics, UoG, Gujrat.
Sumera Afsheen
Sumera Afsheen is an entomologist at the Department of Zoology, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan.
Muhammad Abrar
Muhammad Abrar is a physicist at Hazara University Mansehra, KPK, Pakistan.
Hira Naseer
Hira Naseer is a PhD Scholar at Department of Physics, UoG, Gujrat.
Muhammad Tauseef Qureshi
Muhammad Tauseef Qureshi is an active researcher at the Department of Basic Sciences, College of Preparatory Year, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 2440, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Reda S. Abdel Hameed
Reda S. Abdel Hameed, is also contributing significant role at the Department of Basic Sciences, College of Preparatory Year, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 2440, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
D. Mohamed
D. Mohamed, is also contributing significant role at the Department of Basic Sciences, College of Preparatory Year, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 2440, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Mahmoud Al Elaimi
Mahmoud Al Elaimi, is also contributing significant role at the Department of Basic Sciences, College of Preparatory Year, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 2440, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Mahmoud Shafik Soliman
Mahmoud Shafik Soliman is a researcher at the Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, 2440, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.