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ABSTRACT
In this paper, using furfural residue as a template, porous calcium titanate (FPCT) was prepared by a sol-gel method and characterized by XRD, SEM, and nitrogen adsorption method. The conditions of preparation were investigated. The adsorption capabilities of FPCT for heavy metal ions were studied, and the adsorption mechanism was investigated. The results show that the calcium titanate was porous, and material is composed of crystals in nanoparticle size with a small amount of calcium sulfate impurities, while the sulfuric acid in furfural residue is fixed as the calcium sulfate in the material. The adsorbed quantity is affected by the pH value of medium and time. When the pH value of medium is 5, and oscillating adsorption lasts for 30 min, the adsorbed quantities of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Ni are 118.04, 197.96, 64.98, 56.85, and 47.91 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption conforms to the Langmuir adsorption isothermal model and pseudo-second-order kinetic equation, and is a spontaneous endothermic process driven by entropy. After adsorption, adsorbents can be regenerated with 1 mol/L nitrate solution. It is used for eliminating Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Ni in wastewater and the results are satisfactory.