High entropy alloy synthesis, characterisation, manufacturing & potential applications: a review

ABSTRACT

High entropy alloys (HEAs) are an emerging class of engineering materials with excellent mechanical, thermal, chemical and electrical properties due to constituent alloying elements and type of synthesis/processing criteria. This literature review intends to find product manufacturing aspects from HEAs while relating them to their synthesis and characterisation. A wide range of synthesis modes has been developed for HEAs recently. Methods of synthesis, both bulk and powder-based, are reviewed and discussed at length in this article. Based on the researcher’s results, various characterisation studies like materials, mechanical, chemical, electrical, and magnetic are also discussed. For product manufacturing, it is observed that very few machinability studies have been carried out on HEAs to honour post-machining material properties. Research on HEAs in the manufacturing domain, if done, will lead to their extensive industrial applications. Further, several potential applications have been suggested for specific HEAs based on the composition of constituent elements.

KEYWORDS:

• HEAs
• effects
• synthesis/processing
• properties
• manufacturing
• welding
• WEDm
• radiation
• biomedical
• applications

Biographical note of Authors

Naresh Kaushik, Research Scholar, ME Department, MNIT Jaipur-302,017, India, [email protected] [email protected]

Anoj Meena, Assistant Professor, ME Department, MNIT Jaipur-302,017, India, [email protected] [email protected]

Harlal Singh Mali, Associate Professor, ME Department, MNIT Jaipur-302,017, India, [email protected]

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India for supporting this work through the grant DST-SERB EMR/2016/003372

Abbreviations

AJM: Abrasive Jet Machining; BCC: Body-Centered Cubic; EBM: Electron Beam Machining; FCC: Face-Centered Cubic; GPa: Giga Pascal; Hc: Coercivity; HCP: Hexagonal Close Packed; HEAs: High Entropy Alloys; HV: Vicker’s Hardness number; K: Kelvin; MPa: Mega Pascal; Ms: saturation Magnetisation; Pm: Picometre; SEM: scanning Electron Microscope; SENB: Single-Edge Notched Bending; SLM: Selective Laser Melting; SPS: Spark Plasma Sintering; SS: Stainless Steel; Tc: Curie Temperature; TEM: Transmission Electron Microscopy; T_m: Melting Temperature; VEC: Valence Electron Concentration; XRD: X-ray Diffraction; ∆H_mix: Mixing Enthalpy Change;

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Science and Engineering Research Board, Department of Science and Technology, Government of India [DST-SERB EMR/2016/003372.].