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Leukemia & Lymphoma Volume 49, 2008 - Issue 7
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Reviews

Thalidomide and lenalidomide: Mechanism-based potential drug combinations

Sonia Vallet Division of Hematology and Oncology, Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Disease Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USACorrespondence[email protected]
,
Antonio Palumbo Cattedra di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Medicina ed Oncologia Sperimentale, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
,
Noopur Raje Division of Hematology and Oncology, Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Disease Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
,
Mario Boccadoro Cattedra di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Medicina ed Oncologia Sperimentale, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
&
Kenneth C. Anderson Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Disease Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Pages 1238-1245 | Received 14 Jan 2008, Accepted 20 Feb 2008, Published online: 01 Jul 2009
 
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Abstract

Thalidomide and its analogue lenalidomide are potent anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and immunomodulatory drugs, successfully used for the treatment of hematological cancers, in particular multiple myeloma (MM). Both drugs reveal a dual mechanism of action: they target tumour cells by direct cytotoxicity and, indirectly, by interfering with several components of the bone marrow microenvironment. Lenalidomide and thalidomide are versatile drugs with a broad range of activities that potentiate the anti-MM effects of conventional and novel agents. Here, we review the mechanism of action of these drugs, providing a rationale for combination studies in order to improve patient outcome and reduce side effects.

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