https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0621-4814
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Abstract
ChatGPT can revolutionize education by enhancing student engagement and making learning more personalized. Drawing on UTAUT2, this study investigated determinants of intention to use ChatGPT for educational purposes. Data were gathered from 406 Malaysian students and analyzed using a hybrid approach including “partial least squares” (PLS) and “fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis” (fsQCA). PLS showed that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, hedonic motivation, and learning value significantly influence the intention to use ChatGPT. Furthermore, we found that personal innovativeness and information accuracy negatively moderate the associations between ChatGPT use and its determinants. While PLS demonstrated that social influence, facilitating conditions, and habit do not affect ChatGPT use, fsQCA revealed that all factors might affect the intention to use ChatGPT. fsQCA suggested that eight combinations of factors may lead to high ChatGPT use. The results hold various implications for ChatGPT developers, instructors, and universities and provide insights for accelerating ChatGPT adoption.
Disclosure statement
The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests or personal relationships that might have influenced their work.
Additional information
Notes on contributors
Behzad Foroughi
Behzad Foroughi is an Assistant Professor in the Department of International Business Administration at I-Shou University, Taiwan. His main areas of research include Marketing, Tourism & Hospitality, and Information Technology. As an active researcher, he has widely published his work in several top-tier journals, such as JTR and JRCS.
Madugoda Gunaratnege Senali
Madugoda Gunaratnege Senali is a PhD (Marketing) graduate of Edith Cowan University (ECU). Currently she is working as a research assistant at ECU, WA. Her research interests broadly include contexts of marketing, innovation, and consumer behaviour.
Mohammad Iranmanesh
Mohammad Iranmanesh is a Senior Lecturer in the School of Business and Law at Edit Cowan University (ECU), Australia. In 2020, The Australian ranked him as a Rising Star. He has published several articles in top tier journals.
Ahmad Khanfar
Ahmad Khanfar is a PhD candidate at Edith Cowan University. Ahmad has many years of experience in information technology systems and IT project Management. His research interests are mainly in the area of information systems and its applications in various fields.
Morteza Ghobakhloo
Morteza Ghobakhloo is an Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering and Management at Uppsala University, Sweden. His research interests include digital transformation under Industry 4.0, the emerging Industry 5.0 phenomenon, and the societal impact of digitalization. He as published in many leading journals like BSE, IJPR, and TFSC.
Nagaletchimee Annamalai
Nagaletchimee Annamalai received a PhD degree in teaching English as a second language (TESL) from the Universiti Sains Malaysia. She is aware of the current values, preferences, and needs of digital natives and 21st-century learning classrooms. With this experience, she has published her articles in national and international journals.
Bita Naghmeh-Abbaspour
Bita Naghmeh-Abbaspour is an Assistant Professor in the Department of International Business Administration at I-Shou University, Taiwan. Her primary research interests lie in Multiculturalism and Cultural Studies in Translation, as well as Translation and Discourse Studies. As an active researcher, she has extensively published her work in several peer-reviewed journals.