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Abstract
This study investigates the effects of replacing fish oil with two vegetable oils (Sunflower oil and Soybean oil) on growth performance, salinity tolerance, hematological and serum biochemical profile of Rutilus rutilus over 56 days. Five diets were supplemented with 8% of either fish oil (FO) (control), sunflower oil (SFO), and soybean oil (SO) or a combination of 4% FO with 4% SFO and 4% FO with 4% SO, respectively. Triplicate groups of fish (24 fish per tank with an average body weight, of 5.52 g) were assigned to each diet. Blood samples were taken from the caudal vein of 75 apparently healthy fish at the end of trial. Hematological values of the blood samples were determined using standard techniques. At the end of the experiment fish were exposed to salinity stress. The results showed that the best growth performance was in fish fed the control diet, but the differences were minor among treatments containing vegetable oils (P > 0.05). Serum cholesterol and glucose concentrations were significantly higher in fish fed dieta containing vegetable oils (P < 0.05). Red blood cell count (RBC), hematocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin (Hb) in groups fed diets containing SFO and SO were higher than other groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in survival after 48 h salinity stress (P > 0.05). These results indicate that in cases where fish oil is scarce or expensive, vegetable lipids can be used as replacements without any serious negative growth performance and health impacts.