Triploid Induction in Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua L.) by the Use of Different Pressure Levels

Abstract

Different levels of pressure were investigated to see if it was possible to induce triploidy at a lower pressure than previously used (600 bar) for Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Newly fertilized eggs were exposed to different levels of pressure: 400, 500, and 600 bar, and one control group (no pressure). Induction of triploidy occurred at each pressure level used in this experiment. Mean weight and length at the termination of the trial period was significantly lower, in the 400 bar group, compared to the other treatment groups. Microsatellite loci analysis revealed over 90% triploid outcome in each experimental group. Lower incidence of deformities was seen in the 400 bar group compared to the 500 and 600 bar groups. Overall this study demonstrated successful triploid induction at both low (400 bar) and medium (500 bar) pressures.

KEYWORDS:

• Atlantic cod
• triploid
• pressure
• microsatellites
• deformity

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors would like to thank Dr. Geir Dahle for help with the genetic analysis. The experiment was conducted in accordance with the laws and regulations controlling experiments in live animals on Norway, i.e., the Animal Protection Act of 20 December 1974, No. 73, chapter VI sections 20–22, and the Animal Protection Ordinance concerning Biological Experiments in Animals of 15 January 1996.