Dialectic of Emergency/Emergency of the Dialectic

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Notes

*I am very grateful to Prof. Joel Kovel for his useful comments on an earlier draft of this paper.

¹Jerome Bindé, “Toward an Ethics of the Future,” Public Culture, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2000, pp. 51–52.

²Henry A. Giroux, The Abandoned Generation: Democracy Beyond the Culture of Fear (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003), pp. 9–13.

³Hasana Sharp, “Why Spinoza Today? Or, ‘A Strategy of Anti-Fear,’” Rethinking Marxism, Vol. 17, No. 4, 2005, pp. 16–17.

⁴Bindé, op. cit., p. 56.

⁵Mike Davis, “The Flames of New York,” New Left Review, No. 12, 2001, p. 45.

⁶Antonio Gramsci, Selections from the Prison Notebooks, trans. Q. Hoare and G.N. Smith (New York: International Publishers, 1971), pp. 325–331.

⁷Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The German Ideology (New York: International Publishers, 1970), p. 89.

⁸Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The German Ideology (New York: International Publishers, 1970), pp. 92–94.

⁹Herbert Marcuse, One-Dimensional Man (Boston: Beacon Press, 1991), pp. 22–23.

¹⁰Fredric Jameson, “Foreword,” in Jean-Paul Sartre, Critique of Dialectical Reason, trans. A. Sheridan-Smith (London: Verso, 2004), p. xxxiii.

¹¹Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The Communist Manifesto (London: Penguin Books, 1967 [1848]).

¹²István Mészáros, Beyond Capital (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1995), p. 7.

¹³István Mészáros, Beyond Capital (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1995), p. 550.

¹⁴István Mészáros, Beyond Capital (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1995), pp. 590–591.

¹⁵István Mészáros, Beyond Capital (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1995), p. 5.

¹⁶Joel Kovel, The Enemy of Nature: The End of Capitalism or the End of the World? (New York: Zed Books, 2002), pp. 58–68.

¹⁷Joel Kovel, The Enemy of Nature: The End of Capitalism or the End of the World? (New York: Zed Books, 2002), pp. 58–59.

¹⁸Joel Kovel, The Enemy of Nature: The End of Capitalism or the End of the World? (New York: Zed Books, 2002), p. 38.

¹⁹Marx and Engels, 1848, op. cit., pp. 82–85.

²⁰David Harvey, The New Imperialism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003), pp. 145–152.

²¹Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri, Empire (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2000), pp. 289–294.

²²Achille Mbembe, “Necropolitics,” Public Culture, Vol. 15, No. 1, 2003, p. 40.

²³Naomi Klein, The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism (New York: Metropolitan Books, 2007).

²⁴See especially Georg Lukács, History and Class Consciousness, trans. R. Livingstone (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1971), and Jean-Paul Sartre, Critique of Dialectical Reason, trans. A. Sheridan-Smith (London: Verso, 2004).

²⁵Marcuse, op. cit., pp. 144–169.

²⁶Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno, Dialectic of Enlightenment, trans. E. Jephcott (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2002).

²⁷Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno, Dialectic of Enlightenment, trans. E. Jephcott (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2002), pp. 18–22.

²⁸Moishe Postone, Time, Labor, and Social Domination (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), pp. 43–49.

²⁹Louis Althusser, “Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses (Notes Towards an Investigation),” Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays, trans. B. Brewster (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1971), p. 116.

³⁰Nancy Fraser, “Reframing Global Justice,” New Left Review, No. 36, 2005, pp. 72–73.

³¹Saskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money (New York: The New Press, 1998), p. xxxii.

³²Kovel, op. cit., p. 17.

³³Kovel, op. cit., p. 17.

³⁴Douglas Kellner, “Multiple Literacies and Critical Pedagogies: New Paradigms,” in Peter Trifonas (ed.), Revolutionary Pedagogies: Cultural Politics, Instituting Education, and the Discourse of Theory (New York: Routledge, 2000), p. 213.

³⁵Karl Marx, Grundrisse: Foundations of the Critique of Political Economy, trans. M. Nicolaus (London: Penguin Books, 1973), pp. 469–471.

³⁶John Holloway, How to Change the World Without Taking Power (London: Pluto Press, 2002), pp. 29–34.

³⁷Noah De Lissovoy and Peter McLaren, “Toward a Contemporary Philosophy of Praxis,” in Laura Gray-Rosendale and Steven Rosendale (eds.), Radical Relevance: Toward a Scholarship of the Whole Left (Albany: State University of New York Press, 2005), pp. 167–169.

³⁸Harvey, op. cit., p. 179.

³⁹Tom Mertes (ed.), A Movement of Movements: Is Another World Really Possible? (London: Verso, 2004).

⁴⁰This is Immanuel Wallerstein's view; see for example “After Developmentalism and Globalization, What?,” Social Forces, Vol. 83, No. 3, 2005, pp. 1277–1278. For Wallerstein, revolution does not fundamentally challenge the structure of the subject, whose prospective authority with regard to history itself remains intact. This perspective does not recognize that the present crisis of capitalism not only threatens a world-system of political economy, but also the senses of agency that this system determines.

⁴¹Fredric Jameson, “The Politics of Utopia,” New Left Review, No. 25, 2004, pp. 51–52.

⁴²Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri, Multitude: War and Democracy in the Age of Empire (New York: Penguin Press, 2004), pp. 109–115.

⁴³V.I. Lenin, What Is to Be Done? (New York: International Publishers, 1969), p. 31.

⁴⁴This is a radical application of a familiar pragmatist principle. See John Dewey, Democracy and Education (New York: The Free Press, 1944), p. 274.

⁴⁵Jean-Paul Sartre, Critique of Dialectical Reason, Trans. A. Sheridan-Smith (London: Verso, 2004), pp. 53–57.