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SPECIAL SECTION: RELATEDNESS & SELF-DEFINITION: THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF SIDNEY BLATT

Predictors of sustained therapeutic change

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Pages 37-54 | Received 17 Dec 2008, Accepted 12 Jun 2009, Published online: 15 Sep 2009
 

Abstract

The authors integrate explorations by Blatt and colleagues of contributions of patient personality, therapeutic relationship, and change in mental representation to sustained therapeutic change. A pretreatment personality characteristic, self-critical perfectionism, a negative self-schema, significantly interfered with therapeutic progress in manual-directed, brief outpatient treatment for depression. The therapeutic relationship, however, facilitated changes in this negative self-representation, leading to sustained therapeutic change. The authors also explored change in the content and structural organization of representations of self and significant others in long-term, intensive inpatient treatment. A detailed clinical example elaborates the processes through which the therapeutic relationship facilitates changes in the thematic content and cognitive structural organization of patients' interpersonal schemas that appear to be the basis for sustained therapeutic gain.

ABSTRACT

Die Autoren fassen Untersuchungen von Blatt und Kollegen zusammen, welche die Beiträge bezüglich Patientenpersönlichkeit, therapeutischer Beziehung und Veränderung von mentalen Repräsentationen auf die therapeutische Veränderung untersuchten. Vor der Behandlung erhobene Persönlichkeitsmerkmale, selbstkritischer Perfektionismus, welcher ein negatives Selbstschemata ist, beeinträchtigten signifikant die therapeutische Veränderung in einer manualgeführten ambulanten Kurztherapie für Depressionen. Die therapeutische Beziehung förderte Veränderungen in diesen negativen Selbstrepräsentationen und führte zu anhaltender therapeutischer Veränderung. Die Autoren untersuchten ebenfalls Veränderung im Inhalt und der strukturellen Organisation der Repräsentationen des Selbst und bedeutender Anderer in stationärer Langzeittherapie. Ein detailliertes klinisches Beispiel arbeitet die Prozesse heraus, durch welche die therapeutische Beziehung die Veränderungen im thematischen Inhalt und kognitiver struktureller Organisation der interpersoneller Schemata des Patienten fördert. Dies erscheint die Basis für anhaltenden therapeutischen Nutzen zu sein.

RÉSUMÉ

Les auteurs intègrent les explorations de Blatt et collègues sur la contribution de la personnalité des patients, la relation thérapeutique et le changement de la représentation mentale dans le changement thérapeutique soutenu. Le perfectionnisme critique, une caractéristique de personnalité, qui est un schéma négatif sur soi, interférait significativement avec le progrès thérapeutique dans des traitements brefs ambulatoires guidés par un manuel pour la dépression. Cependant, la relation thérapeutique facilitait les changements dans cette représentation de soi négative, conduisant à un changement thérapeutique maintenu. Les auteurs explorent également le changement dans le contenu et l'organisation structurale des représentations de soi et d'autres significatifs dans des traitements intensifs de longue durée pour patients hospitalisés. Un exemple clinique détaillé élabore le processus à travers lequel la relation thérapeutique facilite les changements dans le contenu thématique et l'organisation cognitive structurale des schémas interpersonnels du patient qui apparaissent comme la base d'un gain thérapeutique maintenu.

ABSTRACT

Os autores integraram explorações de Blatt e colegas das contribuições da personalidade dos pacientes, relação terapêutica e mudança na representação mental, para a manutenção da mudança terapêutica. No pré-tratamento, a característica de personalidade de perfeccionismo auto-crítico, que representa um auto-esquema negativo, interferiu significativamente com o progresso terapêutico num tratamento breve de ambulatório guiado por manual para a depressão. A relação terapêutica, no entanto, facilitou mudanças nesta auto-representação negativa, levando à manutenção da mudança terapêutica. Os autores também exploram a mudança no conteúdo e na organização estrutural de representações do self e de outros significativos a longo prazo, em tratamentos intensivo em internamento. Um exemplo clínico em detalhe elabora o processo através do qual a relação terapêutica facilita a mudança nos conteúdos temáticos e na organização estrutural cognitiva dos esquemas interpessoais dos pacientes, que parecem estar na base da manutenção de ganhos terapêuticos.

Abstract

Gli autori integrano le esplorazioni di Blatt e colleghi con i contributi di personalità del paziente, con la relazione terapeutica, e il mutamento nella rappresentazione mentale durante il cambiamento terapeutico sostenuto. Una caratteristica di personalità di pretrattamento, autocritica-perfezionistica, rappresenta uno schema negativo di sé, che interferisce notevolmente con i progressi terapeutici da manuale, come il trattamento ambulatoriale breve per la depressione. La relazione terapeutica, tuttavia, ha facilitato i cambiamenti in questa auto-rappresentazione negativa, sostenendo il cambiamento terapeutico. Gli autori hanno anche esplorato il cambiamento nei contenuti e nell'organizzazione strutturale delle rappresentazioni significative di sé e degli altri a lungo termine durante la degenza intensiva. Viene elaborato un esempio clinico approfondito di processo clinico attraverso il quale il rapporto terapeutico facilita il cambiamento nel contenuto tematico e nella organizzazione strutturale cognitiva degli schemi interpersonali dei pazienti che sembrano essere la base per una duratura fonte di guadagno terapeutico.

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