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Original Articles

Therapeutic change in interaction: Conversation analysis of a transforming sequence

RÉSUMÉ

, &
Pages 348-365 | Received 21 Aug 2009, Accepted 04 Mar 2011, Published online: 27 May 2011
 

Abstract

A process of change within a single case of cognitive-constructivist therapy is analyzed by means of conversation analysis (CA). The focus is on a process of change in the sequences of interaction, which consist of the therapist's conclusion and the patient's response to it. In the conclusions, the therapist investigates and challenges the patient's tendency to transform her feelings of disappointment and anger into self-blame. Over the course of the therapy, the patient's responses to these conclusions are recast: from the patient first rejecting the conclusion, to then being ambivalent, and finally to agreeing with the therapist. On the basis of this case study, we suggest that an analysis that focuses on sequences of talk that are interactionally similar offers a sensitive method to investigate the manifestation of therapeutic change. It is suggested that this line of research can complement assimilation analysis and other methods of analyzing changes in a client's talk.

Le processus de changement dans un cas unique de thérapie cognitive-constructiviste est analysé au moyen d'une analyse conversationnelle (CA). Le focus est le processus de changement dans une séquence d'interaction, séquence composée de la conclusion du thérapeute et la réponse du patient à celle-ci. Dans les conclusions, le thérapeute investigue et challenge la tendance du patient à transformer ses sentiments de désappointement et de colère dans un blâme de soi. Au cours de la thérapie, les réponses du patient à ces conclusions sont reformulées: du premier rejet de la conclusion du patient, à l'ambivalence, et finalement à l'accord avec le thérapeute. Sur la base de cette étude de cas, nous suggérons qu'une analyse qui se focalise sur une séquence langagière similaire interactionnellement offre une méthode sensible pour investiguer la manifestation du changement thérapeutique. Il est suggéré que cette ligne de recherche peut compléter une analyse de l'assimilation et d'autres méthodes d'analyse du changement dans le discours du patient.

Abstract

Um processo de mudança dentro de um único caso de terapia cognitivo-construtivista é analisado por meio da análise da conversação (AC). O foco está em um processo de mudança nas sequências de interacção, que consistem na conclusão do terapeuta e da resposta do paciente a ele. Nas conclusões, o terapeuta investiga e desafia a tendência do paciente para transformar os seus sentimentos de decepção e raiva em auto-culpa. No decorrer da terapia, as respostas do paciente a estas conclusões são reformuladas: a partir da primeira rejeição da conclusão do paciente, para então ser ambivalente e, finalmente, chegar a acordo com o terapeuta. Com base neste estudo de caso, sugerimos que a análise que se concentra em sequências de fala que são semelhantes interaccionalmente oferece um método sensível para investigar a manifestação da mudança terapêutica. Sugere-se que esta linha de pesquisa pode complementar a análise de assimilação e de outros métodos de análise das mudanças na conversa de um cliente.

Abstract

Tramite l'analisi conversazionale (CA), è stato analizzato un processo di cambiamento in un caso singolo di terapia cognitivo-costruttivista. Ci si è focalizzati sul processo di cambiamento nelle sequenze di interazione, che consistono nella conclusione del terapeuta e nella risposta del paziente ad essa. Nelle conclusioni, il terapeuta indaga e sfida la tendenza del paziente a trasformare i suoi sentimenti di delusione e rabbia in autocritica. Nel corso della terapia, le risposte del paziente a queste conclusioni sono state riformulate: ad un primo rifiuto della conclusione da parte del paziente, ad una successiva ambivalenza ed, infine, a concordare con il terapeuta. Sulla base di questo studio, suggeriamo che un'analisi che si focalizzi su sequenze di discorso che siano simili a livello internazionale, offre un metodo sensibile per indagare la manifestazione del cambiamento terapeutico. Si suggerisce come questa linea di ricerca possa essere complementare all'analisi con il modello dell'assimilazione e ad altri metodi di analisi del cambiamento nella conversazione del paziente.

Abstract

Acknowledgements

Thank you to Nataliya Kondratyuk, Mikael Leiman, Douglas W. Maynard, William B. Stiles, and Sanna Vehviläinen for commenting on earlier versions of this paper. This study was made possible by Academy of Finland project 1110845 (Emotion, Interaction and Institutions).

Notes

1. An interesting point is that the patient's choice of words “she is what she is” can be heard as “echoing” the phrase “they have been what they have been,” which was introduced by the therapist months earlier in the discussion about the patient's disappointment in her parents (shown in excerpt 4, line 22) and that she later in the same session also used this phrase in the form “she has been what she has been.”

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