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EMPIRICAL PAPER

The motivational foundations of different therapeutic orientations as indicated by therapists' value preferences

Pages 352-364 | Received 18 Mar 2014, Accepted 12 Nov 2014, Published online: 17 Dec 2014
 

Abstract

Objective: The present study investigates the relationships between therapists' value preferences and their beliefs in the efficacy of the four main therapeutic orientations (cognitive behavior, psychodynamic, client-centered, and eco-systemic). Method: The study was conducted in Israel. Social workers practicing individual therapy in different psychosocial services participated in the study (n = 528). Results: Personal value preferences explained a significant proportion of the variance in the social workers' beliefs in the efficacy of different therapeutic orientations. Each therapeutic orientation was associated with a specific pattern of value preferences, thus indicating that different therapeutic orientations promote or impede the attainment of the therapists' specific motivational goals. Conclusions: The study results' implications for understanding the motivational foundations of different therapeutic orientations are discussed, as well as their possible application for therapist training and practice.

Ziel: Diese Studie untersucht die Beziehung zwischen Wertvorstellungen von Therapeuten und Ihren Überzeugungen bezüglich der Effektivität der vier großen Therapieschulen (kognitiv-behavioral, psychodynamisch, klientenzentriert und systemisch). Methode: An der in Israel durchgeführten Studie haben Sozialarbeiter, die Einzeltherapien in verschiedenen psychosozialen Einrichtungen durchführen, teilgenommen (n = 528). Ergebnis: Persönliche Wertvorstellungen klärten einen signifikanten Varianzanteil der Einstellungen der Sozialarbeiter über die verschiedenen Therapieschulen auf. Jede therapeutische Orientierung war mit einem spezifischen Muster von Wertvorstellungen verknüpft, was folglich zeigt, dass die verschiedenen therapeutischen Orientierungen die Erreichung von spezifischen motivationalen Zielen der Therapeuten entweder fördern oder erschwerden. Schlussfolgerung: Die Implikationen der Studienergebnisse für das Verständnis der motivationalen Grundlagen der verschiedenen therapeutischen Schulen werden diskutiert, ebenso wie Ihre mögliche Anwendung in der Therapeutenausbildung und der Praxis.

Obiettivo: Questo studio indaga le relazioni tra le preferenze nei valori dei terapeuti e le loro credenze nell'efficacia dei quattro principali orientamenti terapeutici (cognitivo-comportamentale, psicodinamica, centrata sul paziente ed ecosistemica). Metodo: Lo studio è stato condotto in Israele. Hanno partecipato allo studio gli assistenti sociali che esercitano la terapia individuale nei diversi servizi psicosociali (n = 528). Risultati: le preferenze sul valore personale hanno spiegato una parte significativa della varianza nelle credenze degli assistenti sociali sull'efficacia dei diversi orientamenti terapeutici. Ogni orientamento terapeutico è stato associato ad uno specifico pattern di preferenze di valore, indicando così che i diversi orientamenti terapeutici promuovono o impediscono il raggiungimento di specifici obiettivi motivazionali dei terapeuti. Conclusioni: sono discusse le implicazioni dei risultati dello studio per comprendere le basi motivazionali dei diversi orientamenti terapeutici, così come la loro possibile applicazione per la formazione e la pratica del terapeuta.

Objetivo: O presente estudo investiga a relação entre as preferências dos terapeutas relativamente a valores e as suas crenças acerca da eficácia das quatro principais orientações terapêuticas (cognitivo-comportamental, psicodinâmica, centrada no cliente e contextual-sistémica). Método: O estudo foi conduzido em Israel. Participaram neste estudo trabalhadores sociais a praticar terapia individual em diferentes serviços psicossociais (n = 528). Resultados: As preferências pessoais relativamente a valores explicaram uma proporção significativa da variância nas crenças dos trabalhadores sociais acerca da eficácia de diferentes orientações terapêuticas. Cada orientação terapêutica foi associada a um padrão específico de preferências relativamente a valores, assim indicando que diferentes orientações terapêuticas promovem ou impedem o cumprimento de objetivos motivacionais específicos dos terapeutas. Conclusões: São discutidas as implicações resultantes do estudo para a compreensão das bases motivacionais para diferentes orientações terapêuticas, bem como a sua possível aplicação para o treino e prática dos terapeutas.

目的:本研究探討治療者的價值喜好與他們對四個主要治療取向(認知行為、心理動力、個人中心、生態系統)效能之信念間的關係。方法:本研究在以色列進行,由不同心理社會服務機構中提供個別治療的社工師(n=528)參與。結果:個人價值喜好解釋了社工師對不同治療取向效能之信念的大部分變異情形。每個治療取向與特定的價值喜好有關聯,因此顯示不同治療取向會促進或阻礙治療師達成特定的動機目標。結論:探討本研究結果對於了解不同理論取向的動機基礎,及對治療師訓練及實務工作的應用。

Acknowledgments

I thank all students who participated in a senior thesis seminar at the Tel Aviv University School of Social Work and helped to distribute the research questionnaires. I also thank the social workers who completed the questionnaires. Finally, I thank the two reviewers for their thoughtful comments that significantly improved my article.

Notes

1 Since 2004, when the last survey of all social workers in Israel was conducted, the number of social workers with a MSW degree substantially increased. Similarly, the number of social workers in private practice may have also increased over the last decade (Hovev, Lontel, & Katan, Citation2013).

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