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EMPIRICAL PAPER

Self-system therapy for distress associated with persistent low back pain: A randomized clinical trial

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Pages 472-483 | Received 01 Aug 2014, Accepted 06 Apr 2015, Published online: 16 Jun 2015
 

Abstract

Objective: Persistent low back pain (PLBP) is associated with vulnerability to depression. PLBP frequently requires major changes in occupation and lifestyle, which can lead to a sense of failing to attain one’s personal goals (self-discrepancy). Method: We conducted a clinical trial to examine the efficacy of self-system therapy (SST), a brief structured therapy for depression based on self-discrepancy theory. A total of 101 patients with PLBP and clinically significant depressive symptoms were randomized either to SST, pain education, or standard care. Results: Patients receiving SST showed significantly greater improvement in depressive symptoms. Reduction in self-discrepancy predicted reduction in depressive symptoms only within the SST condition. Conclusions: Findings support the utility of SST for individuals facing persistent pain and associated depression.

Obiettivo: la lombalgia persistente (PLBP) è associata ad una tendenza alla depressione. La PLBP impone spesso grandi cambiamenti nel lavoro e nello stile di vita, che possono portare a un senso di fallimento nel poter perseguire gli obiettivi personali (auto-discrepanza). Metodo: Abbiamo condotto uno studio clinico per valutare l'efficacia della self-system therapy (SST), una terapia strutturata breve per la depressione basata sulla teoria dell'auto -discrepanza. Un campione complessivo di 101 pazienti con PLBP e sintomi depressivi clinicamente significativi è stato randomizzato in SST, educazione sul dolore o trattamento standard. Risultati: I pazienti trattati con SST hanno mostrato un miglioramento significativamente maggiore dei sintomi depressivi. La riduzione dell'auto -discrepanza era predittiva della riduzione dei sintomi depressivi solo all'interno della condizione SST. Conclusioni: I risultati supportano l'utilità della SST per le persone che presenntano dolore persistente e depressione associata.

Objetivo: A dor lombar persistente (DLP) está associada à vulnerabilidade para a depressão. A DLP requer frequentemente grandes mudanças em termos de ocupação e estilo de vida, o que pode levar a um sentimento de fracasso em atingir as próprias metas pessoais (auto discrepância). Método: Foi realizado um ensaio clínico para examinar a eficácia da terapia de auto sistema (TAS), uma terapia breve estruturada para a depressão, baseada na teoria da auto discrepância. Foi randomizado um total de 101 pacientes com DLP e sintomas depressivos clinicamente significativos, quer para a TAS, a educação acerca da dor, ou o tratamento padrão. Resultados: Os pacientes que receberam TAS mostraram uma melhoria significativamente maior nos sintomas depressivos. A redução da auto discrepância apenas predisse uma redução nos sintomas depressivos dentro da condição de TAS. Conclusões: Os resultados suportam a utilidade da TAS para os indivíduos que enfrentam dor persistente e depressão associada.

Ziel: Chronische Schmerzen im unteren Rücken (persistant lower back pain; PLBP) stehen im Zusammenhang mit einer Anfälligkeit für Depression. PLBP erfordert oft massive Veränderungen in Bezug auf die Erwerbstätigkeit und den Lebensstil, was zu einem Gefühl von fehlender persönlicher Zielerreichung (Selbstdiskrepanz) führen kann. Methode: Wir führten eine klinische Studie zur Untersuchung der Wirksamkeit einer Selbstsystemtherapie (SST: eine kurze strukturierte Therapie für Depression basierend auf der Theorie der Selbstdiskrepanz) durch. 101 Patienten mit PLBP und klinisch signifikanten depressiven Symptomen wurden randomisiert entweder SST, Schmerzedukation oder der Routineversorgung zugeordnet. Ergebnisse: Die Patienten, welche SST erhielten, zeigten eine signifikant größere Verbesserung der depressiven Symptome. Nur in der SST-Bedingung sagte die Abnahme der Selbstdiskrepanz die Abnahme der depressiven Symptome vorher. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Befunde sprechen für den Nutzen von SST für Individuen mit chronischen Schmerzen und assoziierter Depression.

目標:慢性下背痛病患(PLBP)通常因為需要調整工作和生活型態的巨大改變,導致他們無法達到個人的目標(自我差距),因而很容易伴隨憂鬱情緒。方法:研究團隊運用臨床測試來檢驗自我系統治療(SST)的效能—一種奠基於自我差距理論,短期且結構的治療憂鬱症心理治療模式。總共有101位臨床上達到顯著憂鬱的慢性下背痛的病患,隨機分派到SST、疼痛教育、或標準照護三組。結果:接受SST治療者的憂鬱症狀有顯著改善,僅有在SST的治療情境下,自我差距的減緩才得以預測憂鬱的症狀的減緩。結論:研究結果支持慢性下背痛病患使用SST治療,有助於面對憂鬱與長期的疼痛。

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the assistance of Jessyka Glatz, Paul Riordan, Wayne Anglin, Paige Johnson, Julia Woodward, and Kyle Pope who worked on this study.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

The study reported in this manuscript was supported by a grant from the National Institute for Neurological Disorders and Stroke [grant number R01NS046422].

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