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ARTICLES

20/20 Hindsight: A 25-year programme at the Anna Freud Centre of efficacy and effectiveness research on child psychoanalytic psychotherapy

Pages 30-46 | Received 03 Nov 2016, Accepted 01 Jun 2017, Published online: 24 Jul 2017
 

Abstract

Objective: This paper describes the evolution of methods of enquiry—through 25 years of work, with Professor Peter Fonagy and many other colleagues—of research and theorizing about child and adolescent therapy outcomes. Method: The work has focused on measuring psychoanalytic outcomes, but with an increasing interest in discovering therapeutic elements across treatment modalities. Results: Headline findings are described, with lessons from the ups and downs of developing (a) retrospective, follow-up, and prospective outcome studies, and (b) measures of child and family functioning. Issues of manualizing and measuring treatment process are discussed, together with the fruitfulness of mixed-method (quantitative and qualitative) process and outcome research with young people and families. Conclusions: Using the dilemmas, experiences, and findings ‌‌of our group as examples, growing points and well as growing pains for the field are suggested.

Resumo

Objetivo: Este artigo descreve a evolução dos métodos de investigação - através de 25 anos de trabalho com o professor Peter Fonagy e muitos outros colegas - de pesquisa e teorização sobre os resultados da terapia para crianças e adolescentes. Método: O trabalho tem focado em medir os resultados psicanalíticos, mas com um crescente interesse em descobrir elementos terapêuticos nas distintas modalidades de tratamento. Resultados: Os achados principais são descritos, com lições dos altos e baixos do desenvolvimento de (a) estudos de resultados retrospectivos, de acompanhamento e prospectivos, e de (b) medidas de funcionamento da criança e da família. Questões de sobre a manualização e medição do processo de tratamento são discutidas, juntamente com a fecundidade do método misto (quantitativo e qualitativo) pesquisa de processos e resultados com jovens e famílias. Conclusão: Usando os dilemas, as experiências e os resultados do nosso grupo como exemplos, pontos de crescimento bem como dores de crescimento são sugeridos.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel: Dieser Artikel beschreibt die Evolution der Untersuchungsmethoden, Forschung und Theoriebildung über Therapieergebnisse bei Kindern und Jugendlichen während einer 25-jährigen Zusammenarbeit mit Professor Peter Fonagy und vielen anderen Kollegen. Methode: Die Arbeit fokussierte auf die Messung psychoanalytischer Therapieergebnisse, jedoch mit einem zunehmenden Interesse an der Entdeckung von therapeutischen Elementen über Behandlungsmodalitäten hinweg. Ergebnisse: Die wichtigsten Ergebnisse werden beschrieben sowie Erfahrungswerte aus den Höhen und Tiefen der Entwicklung von (a) retrospektiven, katamnestischen und prospektiven Ergebnisstudien, und (b) Maßen des Funktionsniveaus von Kindern und Familien geteilt. Fragen der Manualisierung und Messung von Behandlungsprozessen sowie der Ergiebigkeit von Prozess- und Ergebnisforschung mit gemischten Methoden (quantitativ und qualitativ) bei jungen Menschen und Familien werden diskutiert. Schlussfolgerungen: Unter Einbezug der beispielhaften Dilemmata, Erfahrungen und Befunden unserer Forschungsgruppe wird auf Wachstumsmöglichkeiten und Wachstumsschmerzen des Feldes hingewiesen.

摘要

目標:本文描述透過Peter Fonagy教授與其他同行25年來針對兒童及青少年心理治療成效所進行的研究和理論,探究方法的演變。方法:本研究主要是測量心理分析成效,但是也逐漸致力於探索不同處遇模式的療效因子。結果:描述從(a)回溯性、追蹤以及預期未來成果的研究,以及(b)測量兒童及家庭功能等過程中的高低起伏所學習到的主要發現。同時討論到手冊與測量處遇的歷程等議題,加上針對青少年與家庭混合方法(質量混合)歷程和成效研究的豐富發現。結論:以我們這個團隊面臨的困境、經驗與獲致的發現,提出這個領域的困境和突破。

Obiettivo: questo articolo descrive l'evoluzione dei metodi di indagine - attraverso 25 anni di lavoro, con il professor Peter Fonagy e molti altri colleghi - di ricerca e teorizzazione sugli esiti della terapia infantile e adolescenziale. Metodo: il lavoro si è concentrato sulla misurazione dei risultati psicoanalitici, ma con un crescente interesse alla scoperta di elementi terapeutici attraverso le modalità di trattamento. Risultati: vengono descritti i risultati principali, con gli apprendimenti dai successi e dalle difficoltà per sviluppare (a) studi retrospettivi, di follow-up e di esito prospettici, e (b) misure del funzionamento del bambino e della famiglia. Vengono discusse le questioni relative alla manualizzazione e alla misurazione del processo di trattamento, insieme all'utilità del processo a metodi misti (quantitativi e qualitativi) e alla ricerca di esito con i giovani e le famiglie. Conclusioni: vengono presentati i dilemmi, le esperienze e le scoperte del nostro gruppo come esempi, punti di crescita e di difficoltà nella crescita in tale campo.

View correction statement:
Corrigendum

Acknowledgement

The author would like to acknowledge her deep appreciation for Professor Peter Fonagy, a demanding mentor, inspiring collaborator and friend. Our many students and colleagues who participated, and the children and families involved in the studies described, also made essential contributions which are remembered with gratitude. I hope that our findings do some justice to them.

Notes

1 HbA1C levels and predicted adult height based on current height and bone age.

2 A consultation with Professor Sir Michael Rutter informed the design. This project was managed by Dr Abigail Schachter.

3 This manuscript is available from the author of this paper.

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