Growth and Electrical Properties of BaSnO₃-PbSnO₃-PbTiO₃ Ferroelectric Crystals

Abstract

New lead reduced crystals of BaSnO₃-PbSnO₃-PbTiO₃ solid solution with actual composition of 0.20BaSnO₃-0.30PbSnO₃-0.50PbTiO₃ have been obtained by the top seeded solution growth (TSSG) technique, and they exhibit pure perovskite phase with rhombohedral symmetry. The dielectric response of 0.20BaSnO₃-0.30PbSnO₃-0.50 PbTiO₃ crystal presents weak diffusion/relaxor behavior, with the maximum real permittivity of 2.4 × 10⁴ and the corresponding temperature of 130°C. The real permittivity and loss tangent at room temperature are 690 and 0.03, respectively. In the range above T_m and below the Burns temperature (T_B), the temperature dependence of 1/ϵ′ follows the empirical Lorentz-type relation, deviates from the Curie-Weiss law. Under a bipolar electric field of about ±50 kV/cm, the polarization-electric field loop of 0.20BaSnO₃-0.30PbSnO₃-0.50PbTiO₃ crystal is well developed with the coercive field and remnant polarization of 18 kV/cm and 26 μC/cm², respectively. The piezoelectric coefficient of 0.20BaSnO₃-0.30PbSnO₃-0.50PbTiO₃ crystal is 700 pC/N, which is higher than that of BaSnO₃-PbTiO₃ crystals.

Keywords:

• Crystal growth
• structure
• electrical properties

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the special help of Professor Xiuming Wang, Professor Xifa Long and assistant professor Zujian Wang in revision and experimental measurement, respectively. The authors are also grateful for the use of measurement and test instruments of Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences.