Glass-Ceramic Na_3+x[(Zr/Cr)_x(Sc/Ti)_2-x(PO₄)₃ Electrolyte Materials for Na-Ion Full-Cell Application

Abstract

Na_3+x[(Zr/Cr)_x(Sc/Ti)_2-x(PO₄)₃] glass-ceramic material compositions containing NASICON-type crystalline phases might be a good candidate as an efficient electrolyte exclusively for Na-ion batteries. All-solid-state Na-ion full cells are designed with the three-layered pellets (NaCo_0.7(VO)_0.3PO₄/Na_3.5Zr_0.5Sc_1.5(PO₄)₃ (NZSP) and Na_3.5Cr_0.5Ti_1.5(PO₄)₃) (NCTP)/Na-metal foil). The electrical conductivity of the NZSPglass-ceramic powder sample achieves to be highest (9.47 × 10⁻⁰⁴ S/cm) due to its lower grain boundary resistance (R_gb) as observed in SEM images and also exhibits best electrochemical stability against conductivity when the samples kept in ambient air for 60 d. The charge/discharge capacities for the initial cycle are 75/69 and 60/53 mAhg⁻¹ to both NZSP and NCTP of two full cells, respectively. However, discharge capacities are boosted up for both these cells without much loss in coulombic efficiency even after 10 cycles.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Sodium-ion battery
• glass-ceramic solid electrolyte
• NASICON phase
• cyclic performance

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Dr. Tanusrivathava, Scientist, DMRL Hyderabad, for helping us to carry out SEM images.

Disclosure Statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).