http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9294-7634
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Abstract
A comprehensive review of available bioremediation technologies for the pesticide malathion is presented. This review article describes the usage and consequences of malathion in the environment, along with a critical discussion on modes of metabolism of malathion as a sole source of carbon, phosphorus, and sulfur for bacteria, and fungi along with the biochemical and molecular aspects involved in its biodegradation. Additionally, the recent approaches of genetic engineering are discussed for the manipulation of important enzymes and microorganisms for enhanced malathion degradation along with the challenges that lie ahead.
Acknowledgments
Dr. Smita S. Kumar is thankful to Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science & Technology (DST), Government of India for providing National Post Doc Fellowship (NPDF) vide letter no PDF/2017/002783 and carry out this work. Dr. Pooja Ghosh would like to express her sincere thanks to the Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India for providing INSPIRE Faculty fellowship [DST/INSPIRE/04/2016/000362].