The Feasibility of Using Electronic Health Records to Describe Demographic and Clinical Indicators of Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers

ABSTRACT

Few extensive, national clinical databases exist on the health of migrant and seasonal farmworkers (MSFWs). Electronic health records (EHRs) are increasingly utilized by Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) and have the potential to improve clinical care and complement current surveillance and epidemiologic studies of underserved working populations, such as MSFWs. The aim of this feasibility study was to describe the demographics and baseline clinical indicators of patients at an FQHC by MSFW status. The authors described 2012 patient demographics, social history, medical indicators, and diagnoses by MSFW status from the de-identified EHR database of a large, multisite Colorado Migrant Health Center (MHC). Included in the study were 41,817 patients from 2012: 553 (1.3%) MSFWs, 20,665 (49.4%) non-MSFWs, and 20,599 (49.3%) who had no information in the MSFW field. MSFWs were more often male, married, employed, Hispanic, and Spanish-speaking compared with non-MSFWs. The most frequent diagnoses for all patients were hypertension, overweight/obesity, lipid disorder, type 2 diabetes, or a back disorder. Although there were significant missing values, this feasibility study was able to analyze medical data in a timely manner and show that Meaningful Use requirements can improve the usability of EHR data for epidemiologic research of MSFWs and other patients at FQHCs. The results of this study were consistent with current literature available for MSFWs. By reaching this vulnerable working population, EHRs may be a key data source for occupational injury and illness surveillance and research.

KEYWORDS:

• Electronic health records
• farmworkers
• Meaningful Use
• occupational health

Additional information

Funding

This project was supported by the NIH National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, (grant no. 1RC4ES019405-01), Southwest Center for Agricultural Safety and Health at The University of Texas HSC at Tyler (CDC National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [NIOSH] Cooperative Agreement No. U50 OH07541), and Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, a NIOSH Education and Research Center (grant no. 5T42OH008421). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of NIH, CDC, or the Community-Based Research Network.