Serum concentrations of apelin-17 isoform vary in accordance to blood pressure categories in individuals with obesity class 3

ABSTRACT

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate if serum concentrations of apelin-36, apelin-17, apelin-13 or apelin-12 were different in obesity class 3 individuals with hypertension, when compared to those without hypertension (normal or high-normal).

Subjects and Methods: Twenty six individuals with obesity class 3-related hypertension and thirty three individuals without hypertension, who were divided in individuals with normal (n = 23) or with high-normal (n = 10) blood pressure (BP) were analyzed. All individuals presented obesity class 3, without diabetes mellitus. Measurements of all apelin isoforms were performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Analysis of differences between groups of Apelin isoform concentrations was performed by a One-way ANOVA, with a Tukey test post hoc.

Results: The individuals of the hypertensive group presented a slightly lower serum concentration of all apelin isoforms, but these differences were not statistically significant. These results were more evident when the group of patients without hypertension were divided based in normal and high-normal BP, observing that apelin-17 isoform were higher in individuals with high-normal BP in comparison to subjects with normal BP (P = 0.018); concentrations were also higher when compared to subjects with hypertension (P = 0.004).

Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study regarding the differences of apelin-17 isoform concentrations in individuals pertaining to different categories of BP, who presented obesity class 3. The group of patients that presented hypertension showed a lower concentration of all isoforms. This observation could be due to the fact that these patients were taking antihypertensive medication.

KEYWORDS:

• Apelin isoforms
• normal BP
• high normal BP
• hypertension
• obesity class 3

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, México (Grant number: 2011-C01-161909) and by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (Apoyo al Fortalecimiento y Desarrollo de la Infraestructura Científica y Tecnológica), México; Grant: 250786.

Luis Javier Cano Martínez was supported by a Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT), México, fellowship award.

This work was submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the PhD degree of Luis Javier Cano Martínez at the Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

“All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committees and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.”

Funding

This work was supported by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [2011-C01-161909 and 250786];

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in the study.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [2011-C01-161909 and 250786];