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Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology Volume 46, 2016 - Issue 11-12
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Articles

Marine shells: Potential opportunities for extraction of functional and health-promoting materials

Yakun HouDepartment of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
,
Amin ShavandiDepartment of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New ZealandCorrespondence[email protected] [email protected]
,
Alan CarneDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
,
Adnan A. BekhitFaculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
,
Tzi Bun NgSchool of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
,
Randy Chi Fai CheungSchool of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
&
Alaa El-din A. BekhitDepartment of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New ZealandCorrespondence[email protected] [email protected]
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Pages 1047-1116 | Published online: 20 Jun 2016
 
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ABSTRACT

Marine shell waste is a very rich source of several bioactive compounds and materials, such as calcium, chitin, pigments, and proteins. Currently, this waste material is greatly underutilized and contributes to significant environmental problems due to off-odor and concentration of minerals in landfill. The main objective of this review is to highlight the potential to add value to and maximize the utilization of this waste stream. Therefore, this review provides up-to-date information on various compounds available in marine shells that are generated as waste coproduct from commercial processing operations and their potential uses. Methods are described for extraction of these compounds for use in food and pharmaceutical applications.

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