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Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology Volume 46, 2016 - Issue 17
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ARTICLES

Designing advanced biochar products for maximizing greenhouse gas mitigation potential

Sanchita MandalFuture Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, AustraliaCorrespondence[email protected]
,
Binoy SarkarFuture Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia
,
Nanthi BolanGlobal Center for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia;Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, Salisbury, SA, Australia
,
Jeff NovakCoastal Plains, Soil, Water, and Plant Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Florence, South Carolina, USA
,
Yong Sik OkKorea Biochar Research Center and Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
,
Lukas Van ZwietenNSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar, NSW, Australia
,
Bhupinder Pal SinghNSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Woodbridge Rd, Menangle, NSW, Australia
,
M. B. KirkhamDepartment of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
,
Girish ChoppalaSouthern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
,
Kurt SpokasUSDA-ARS, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
&
Ravi NaiduGlobal Center for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia;Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, Salisbury, SA, Australia
 show all
Pages 1367-1401 | Published online: 17 Oct 2016
 
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ABSTRACT

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agricultural operations continue to increase. Carbon (C)-enriched char materials like biochar have been described as a mitigation strategy. Utilization of biochar material as a soil amendment has been demonstrated to provide potentially greater soil GHG suppression due to its interactions in the soil system. However, these effects are variable and the duration of the impact remains uncertain. Various (nano)materials can be used to modify chars to obtain surface functionality to mitigate GHG emissions. This review critically focusses on the innovative methodologies for improving char efficiency, underpinning GHG mitigation and C sequestration.

Acknowledgments

Sanchita Mandal is thankful to the Department of Education and Training, Government of Australia, for awarding her an Australian Postgraduate Award (APA).

ORCID

Binoy Sarkar http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4196-1225

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