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Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology Volume 47, 2017 - Issue 23
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Original Articles

Advances and future directions of biochar characterization methods and applications

Avanthi Deshani IgalavithanaDepartment of Biological Environment, School of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea;Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI) & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
,
Sanchita MandalInformation Technology Engineering and the Environment, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia
,
Nabeel Khan NiaziInstitute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan;MARUM and Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
,
Meththika VithanageChemical and Environmental Systems Modeling Research Group, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka
,
Sanjai J. ParikhDepartment of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America
,
Fungai N. D. MukomeDivision of Natural and Applied Sciences, William Jessup University, Rocklin, CA, United States of America
,
Muhammad RizwanDepartment of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, PakistanORCID Iconhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-3513-2041
ORCID Icon,
Patryk OleszczukDepartment of Environmental Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
,
Mohammad Al-WabelSoil Science Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaORCID Iconhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-6223-2953
ORCID Icon,
Nanthi BolanGlobal Centre for Environmental Remediation, The University of Newcastle (UON), Callaghan, NSW, AustraliaORCID Iconhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-2056-1692
ORCID Icon,
Daniel C. W. TsangDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, ChinaORCID Iconhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-6850-733X
ORCID Icon,
Ki-Hyun KimDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, KoreaCorrespondence[email protected]
&
Yong Sik OkKorea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI) & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, KoreaCorrespondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-3401-0912
ORCID Icon show all
Pages 2275-2330 | Published online: 08 Feb 2018
 
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ABSTRACT

Biochar is a carbon-rich by-product of the thermal conversion of organic feedstocks and is primarily used as a soil amendment. Identification and quantification of biochar properties are important to ensure optimal outcomes for agricultural or environmental applications. Advanced spectroscopic techniques have recently been adopted in biochar characterization. However, biochar characterization approaches rely entirely on the user's choice and accessibility to the new technology. The selection of proper methods is vital to accurately and consistently assess biochar properties. This review critically evaluates current biochar characterization methods of proximate, ultimate, physicochemical, surface and structural analyses, and important biochar properties for various applications.

Acknowledgment

This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) (NRF- 2015R1A2A2A11001432).

This article is part of the following collections:
Special Issue on Biochar Technologies, Production, and Environmental Applications in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology during 2017–2021

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