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ABSTRACT
An original, brushite (BR) based injectable bone substitute material comprised of plant-based nano cellulose i.e. cellulose nano crystal (CNC) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) as the solid phase was developed. The purpose of this study was to explore the physico-mechanical and in-vitro biological properties of the prepared injectable bone substitute. The exceptional qualities of CNC including biocompatibility, good mechanical strength, microporosity, and biodegradability with its unique surface chemistry make it ideally suitable for bone regeneration applications. The CNC reinforced BR-based composites showed a high mechanical strength of ~13.0 MPa for BRCNC1.5 composite. The in-vitro biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of the prepared samples were analysed in MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The protein absorption density of BRCNC2.0 was approximately 5 folds higher than that of BR. The results of the present study suggest that this novel injectable bone substitute material may be useful and efficient for bone tissue engineering.
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by a grant (No. 2015R1A6A1A03032522) of the Basic Science Research Programme through the National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Republic of Korea. It was also partially funded by Soonchunhyang University, South Korea. We are also thankful to Dr. Gwon from Korea Forest Institute for providing cellulose nano crystals.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Correction Statement
This article has been republished with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.