Riboflavin mediated photo-illumination for bonding zirconia to tooth structure

ABSTRACT

To formulate and characterize RF-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (RF@MSN) in adhesive for bonding zirconia ceramic to tooth for potential application in crowns and bridge restorations. RF was loaded inside MSN to produce RF@MSN and doped with adhesive resin. Morphological and spectral characterization of the nanoparticles were studied. RF@MSN in adhesive with two varying concentrations (0.25wt.% and 0.5 wt.%) were studied for the degree of conversion (DC), antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, and shear bond strength (SBS) after luting zirconia to tooth dentin samples. After activation with a diode laser, 0.5 wt.% RF@MSN samples showed the least DC scores (39.56 ± 5.54), while the highest SBS scores (1018 ± 78 MPa) were reported by control group. 0.5 wt.% RF@MSN samples showed the highest antimicrobial capacity for adhesive against Streptococcus mutans. Incorporation of RF@MSN in dentin adhesive showed improved mechanical and antibacterial efficacy after photo illumination after bonding zirconia to the tooth structure.

KEYWORDS:

• Degree of conversion
• mesoporous silica nanoparticles
• riboflavin
• zirconia
• adhesion

Disclosure statement

The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.

Correction Statement

This article has been republished with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.

Notes

1 IZSLER, Brescia, Italy.

2 Verios, XHR SEM.

3 Emgrid, Australia.

4 FEI Titan G2 80-200 Tokyo, Japan.

5 ProSciTech, Australia.

6 WITec Alpha300+, GmbH, Ulm, Germany.

7 IsoMet™, Buehler, Lake Bluff, IL, USA.

8 GRAMS32 AI Version 6.00 Peak Fit.

9 Hi-aluminas, Shofu, Japan.

10 SALD 2300 Shimadzu, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan.

11 Becton- Dickinson & Co., Sparks, MD, USA.

12 Opto Xlink, Opto, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil.

13 Nicolet 6700, ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA.

14 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA.

15 Espe® Sil, 3M/ESPE, Seefeld, Germany.

16 Programat EP3000/G2.

17 Z-PRIME® plus, BISCO, Schaumburg, IL, USA.

18 Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein.

19 G-Light, GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan.

20 Applied Biosystems, automated Thermocycler, USA.

21 Buehler Isomet 2000 Precision saw, Lake Bluff, IL, USA.

22 Superglue, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

23 Lloyd Instruments, UK.

Additional information

Funding

This research was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University through the Fast-track Research Funding Program to support publication in the top journal (Grant no. 42-FTTJ-49).