DETERMINATION OF TRACE LEAD AND CADMIUM USING STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY IN FLUIDIC MICROCHIP INTEGRATED WITH SCREEN-PRINTED CARBON ELECTRODES

Abstract

A homemade fluidic microchip integrated with screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) for direct detection of trace Pb(II) and Cd(II) has been designed. Analytes are accumulated and determined in a flow system with stripping voltammetry, and the methods of standardization are applied for self-calibration. The portable device produces a well-defined and reproducible electrochemical signal for monitoring Cd(II) and Pb(II), and limits of detection are low to 2.0 ppb and 3.0 ppb, respectively. Meanwhile, Pb(II) and Cd(II) in aqueous solutions are also qualitative measured with calibration both by internal standard and standard addition method. The proposed methodology possesses the advantages of simple, fast, high sensitivity, and stability. It has potential applications in the fields of environmental monitoring and biomedical science for real-time and online measurements.

Keywords:

• added standards
• heavy metals
• microchip
• Pb(II) and Cd(II)
• screen-printed carbon electrodes

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We greatly appreciate the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20875080), the Foundation of International Cooperation of Jiangsu Province (BZ2010053), the Foundation of Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province (AE201017), and the Scientific Project of Yancheng Institute of Technology (XKY2009010, XKY2009016).

Notes

^a Six repetitive measurements, mean value ± expanded uncertainty.

^a Six repetitive measurements, mean value ± expanded uncertainty.

^a Six repetitive measurements, mean value ± expanded uncertainty.