Analysis of Phylogenetic Relationships of Main Citrus Germplasms Based on Ftir Spectra of Petals

Abstract

To develop a quick, accurate and reliable technique for studying phylogenetic relationship of Citrus, FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) technique was used. The petals spectra of eighteen varieties of citrus germplasms were investigated by FTIR. Pretreatment methods of raw spectra (2000–500 cm ^− 1) were composed of baseline correction, normalize and first derivative (Savitzky-Golay). We used One-way ANOVA (analysis of variance) and Tukey’s HSD (honestly significant difference) to extract effective wave bands, where the spectral absorbance values of different citrus germplasms were significantly different. The results showed that 2000∼1831 cm ^− 1, 1763∼1595 cm ^− 1, 1517∼1090 cm ^− 1, 1035∼1024 cm ^− 1, 950∼935 cm ^− 1, 861∼784 cm ^− 1, 744∼721 cm ^− 1 and 653∼608 cm ^− 1 were the effective wave bands. HCA (hierarchical cluster analysis) was adopted to classify citrus germplasms based on the above eight effective wave bands. It was found that eighteen citrus varieties were classified into six subgroups. The results of classification and citrus phylogenetic relationships between six subgroups were consistent of results from Morphology, Biochemistry, Cytology and Molecular Biology. The overall results demonstrated that fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique with One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD and hierarchical cluster analysis model were promising for the rapid, accurate and reliable classification for citrus as well as studying citrus phylogenetic relationship.

Keywords::

• Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
• Citrus
• Hierarchical cluster analysis
• Phylogenetic relationship

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Xunlan Li

X.Li received B.Sc. degree in Horticulture from Southwest University, Chongqing, China in 2012. She is a graduate in Southwest University, Chongqing, China. Her research interests include fruit tree physiology, and information technology.

Shilai Yi

S. Yi received B.Sc. degree in Pomology from Southwest Agricultural University, Chongqing, China in 2002, the M.Sc. degrees in pomology from Southwest Agricultural University, Chongqing, China in 2005. Associate Prof. Yi joined the Citrus Research Institute of Southwest University, China in 2005. His research interests include citrus cultivation physiology, and agricultural information technology.

Yongqiang Zheng

Y. Zheng received B.Sc. degree in Horticulture from Shandong Agricultural University, China in 2001, M.Sc. degrees in Horticulture from Shandong Agricultural University, China in 2004, and Ph.D. degree in Botany from Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China in 2008. Associate Prof. Zheng joined Citrus Research Institute at the Southwest University, China in 2008. His research interests include citrus stress physiology and precision agriculture information technology.

Shaolan He

S. He received B.Sc. degree in Pomology from Southwest Agricultural College, Chongqing, China in 1982. Her research interests include citrus physiology and citriculture technology, systems modeling and analysis. She is now the Associate professor, vice-director of Citriculture department in the Citrus Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.