Influence of the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act on Consumer Beliefs About the Safety and Effectiveness of Dietary Supplements

Abstract

The authors conducted two studies to examine the influence of the U.S. Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) on consumer beliefs about the safety and effectiveness of dietary supplements. Study 1 manipulated information about Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval in the context of a dietary supplement designed to improve immune system functioning. Study 2 tested the effect of an educational intervention designed to improve knowledge about the DSHEA. Results of Study 1 highlighted deficits in consumer knowledge about FDA regulation of dietary supplements. Results also showed that information about FDA approval failed to have a statistically significant effect on beliefs about safety or effectiveness of the dietary supplement. Results of Study 2 showed that participants who were educated about the regulation of dietary supplements under the DSHEA rated dietary supplements as less safe and less effective than did participants in the control condition. The authors discuss the implications for consumers in the United States and for public policy.

Acknowledgments

Portions of this article were presented at the 2009 Society of Behavioral Medicine Annual Meeting.

Notes

¹The data for both studies were conducted before the Food and Drug Administration banned the sale of Hydroxycut.

Note. FDA = Food and Drug Administration.

Note. All means controlling for previous supplement use. Columns sharing similar superscripts indicate statistically significant differences, p < .05. FDA = Food and Drug Administration.

²This analysis was conducted with participants who got the manipulation check correct.

³This analysis was conducted with participants who got the manipulation check correct.