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Abstract
The Internet increasingly enables diverse health communication activities, from information seeking to social media interaction. Up-to-date reporting is needed to document the national prevalence, trends, and user profiles of online health activities so that these technologies can be best used in health communication efforts. This study identifies prevalence, trend, and factors associated with seeking health information, e-mailing health care providers, and using social media for health purposes. Four iterations of HINTS survey data, collected in 2003, 2005, 2008, and 2012, were analyzed to assess population-level trends over the last decade, and current prevalence of Internet-based health communication activities. Sociodemographic and health correlates were explored through weighted logistic regression modeling. Findings demonstrated that Internet use has steadily increased, with 78% of U.S. adults online in 2012; however several digital divide factors—among them education, age, and race/ethnicity—still predict access. Once online, 70% of adults use the Internet as their first source for health information, and while 19% have e-mailed health care providers, engagement in health communication on social media is still relatively low. Distinct user profiles characterize each type of communication, with age, population density, and gender emerging as important predictors across online health activities. These findings have important implications for health communication research and practice.
Acknowledgments
The lead author, Dr. Abby Prestin, passed away on September 3, 2014. As a scholar, she devoted her career to understanding the impact of communication on people's health and well-being. Her untimely death from lymphoma is a huge loss to our research community. We miss her dedication, intelligence, and commitment to spreading kindness in the world. We are inspired to continue her work.
Notes
aIn HINTS 1 and 2, a single item focuses specifically on cancer information seeking; in HINTS 3, two single items separately assess cancer information seeking and general health information seeking; in HINTS 4, a single item assesses general health information seeking.