Application of Poly(Pyrrole-co-Phenol) Electrosynthesized for Stir-Bar Sorptive Extraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Liquid Chromatographic Analysis

Abstract

A poly(pyrrole-co-phenol) film synthesized by the constant potential coulometry technique was coated on stir-bar for sorptive extraction. The extraction properties of this stir-bar were evaluated for the extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), followed by liquid chromatography analysis. The copolymer coatings of polypyrrole/polyphenol doped with dodecylbenzenesulfonate and oxalate were synthesized in aqueous solution. The scanning electron micrographs, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and FTIR spectra for the coated stir-bar are presented. The effects of potential, time, and solution concentration (pyrrole, phenol, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and oxalic acid) were evaluated in the coating step. The effects of extraction time, extraction temperature, and ionic strength in the sorption step, and the effects of type and volume of desorption solvent, desorption time, and desorption temperature in the desorption step were studied. The detection limits obtained for the various compounds studied varied between 0.02 and 0.12 ng mL⁻¹, the intra-day (N = 7) relative standard deviations at 8 ng mL⁻¹ concentration level using a single stir-bar were 2.4–12%, respectively. The bar-to-bar reproducibilities, also at 8 ng mL⁻¹, were 3.4–13%. The linear ranges and recoveries varied from 0.1 to 400 ng mL⁻¹, and 69% to 113%, respectively. The method was successfully applied for the determination of a group of PAHs in real samples.

Keywords:

• conducting polymers
• composites
• poly(pyrrole-co-phenol)
• stir-bar sorptive extraction
• polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
• high performance liquid chromatography

Notes

^a Based on S/N = 3.

^b Based on S/N = 10.

^c ND means not detected.

^d Figures in parenthesis indicate SD.

^a Liquid-phase microextraction.

^b Gas chromatography-flame ionization detection.

^c Polydimethylsiloxane/β-cyclodextrin/divinylbenzene.

^d Headspace solid-phase microextraction.

^e Gas chromatography-isotope dilution mass spectrometry.

^f Continuous-flow microextraction.

^g Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

^h Cloud point extraction.

ⁱ High-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence.

^j Microwave-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction.

^k Headspace solvent microextraction.

^l Micro-solid-phase extraction.

^m Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide.

ⁿ Multiwalledcarbon nanotubes/poly-o-phenylenediamine.

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