Modernity: Myth or Reality?

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Notes

1. Cf. James Bernauer and David Rasussen, eds., The Final Foucault (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1988); Michel Foucault, The Archeology of Knowledge (New York: Random House, 1973); Derrida: A Critical Reader, ed. David Wood (Cambridge, MA: Blackwell, 1992); The New Cultural History, ed. Lynn Hunt (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1989); Geoffrey Bennington, Jacques Derrida (Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press, 1993); Jean-François Lyotard, The Differend: Phrases in Dispute, (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota University Press, 1988).

2. Derrida, A Critical Reader, intro., chap. 1.

3. Hayden White, The Content of the Form (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987), intro.; Topics of Discourse: Essays in Cultural Criticism (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1978); and Figural Realism: Studies in the Nemesis Effect (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997); Gerald Bruns, Hermeneutics: Ancient and Modern (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987), intro.

4. There is no mention of Vico in the notes or otherwise extensive bibliography.

5. Peter Burke, Vico (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985); Hayden White, Tropes of Discourse, passim; Mark Lilla, G. B. Vico: The Making of an Anti-Modern (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993), 249, 94–123, 146–98.

6. On this and related themes, see the still indispensible critique by Herbert Butterfield, The Whig Interpretation of History (New York: W.W. Norton, 1965); Keith Sewell, Herbert Butterfield and the Interpretation of History (London: Palgrave MacMillan, 2005), chap. 11; J. G. A. Pocock, Virtue, Commerce and History: Essays on Political Thought and History (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985); Michael Bentley, Modernizing England’s Past (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 94–130, 202–19.

7. See also Blumi, Foundations of Modernity, 244–64.

8. Louis Althusser, Lenin, Philosophy and other Essays, trans. Ben Brewster (New York: New Monthly Press, 1971), 144–47, 161–77; Stuart Hall, “Signification, Representation, Ideology: Althusser and the Post-Structuralist Debates,” Critical Studies in Mass Communication 2 (June 1985): 91–114.

9. Cf. Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origins and Spread of Nationalism (New York: Verso, 1983), intro., chaps. 1, 2; Ajun Appudrai, Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization (Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press, 1996); James Blaut, The Colonizers Model of the World: Geographical Diffusionism and Euro-Centric History (New York: Guilford Press, 1993); Karl Polyani, The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time (Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 2001), chaps. 2–5.

10. Here Blumi elaborates on some of the ideas set forth earlier by Frederick Cooper in “Empire Multiplied: A Review Essay,” Comparative Study of Society and History 46.2 (2004): 247–72, and in Colonialism in Question.

11. See, inter alia, George Gavilis, The Dynamics of Interstate Boundaries (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010), 32–76, 84–93; A. G. C. Peacock, ed., Ottoman Frontiers: Political History of Territorial Limits (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009), 289–304.

12. Cf. Frederick Cooper, “Empire Multiplied: A Review Essay,” Comparative Study of Society and History 46 (2004): 247–72.

13. For the genesis of this conceptualization, see Frederick Cooper, Colonialism in Question: Theory, Knowledge, History (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2005), 120–38; Anne-L-Tsing, Friction: An Ethnography of Global Connections (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2004); Nancy Fraser and Axel Honeth, Redistribution or Recognition: A Political-Philosophical Exchange (London: Verso, 2003), 6–106.

14. Anne L-Tsing, Friction: An Ethnography of Global Connections, passim; Allan Gunder Frank, Re-Orient: Global Economy in the Asian Age (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1998); Roger Owen and Brian Sutcliffe, eds., Studies in the Theory of Imperialism (London: Longmans, 1972); Anil Seal, The Emergence of Indian Nationalism: Competition and Collaboration in the Later 19^th Century (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1971).

15. A topic first adumbrated in Aristide Zolberg et al., Escape from Violence: Conflict and the Refugee Crisis in the Developing World (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992). See also Nancy Fraser and Axel Honneth, Redistribution or Recognition: A Political/Philosophical Exchange (London: Verso Press, 2003), chaps. 1, 2; Huri Islamoğlu, “Property as a Contested Domain: A Reevaluation of the Ottoman Landcode of 1858,” in New Perspectives on Property and Land in the Middle East, ed. Richard Owen (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001), 3–61.

16. Cf. Eugene Rogan, Frontiers and State in the Late Ottoman Empire (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002).

17. Cf. Peter Gran, Beyond Eurocentrism: A New View of Modern World History (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1996); Talal Asad, “Conscripts of Western Civilization,” in Dialectical Anthropology: Essays in Honor of Stanley Diamond, ed. Christine Gailey (Gainesville, FL: University of Florida Press, 1992), vol. 1, 333–52; Bruce M. Knauft, ed., Critically Modern: Alternatives, Alterities, Anthropologies (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2002), 258–86.

18. Owen, New Perspectives on Property and Land in the Middle East, 3–61; Mirsolav Hroch, Social Preconditions of National Revival in Europe: A Comparative Analysis of the Social Composition of Patriotic Groups among the Smaller European Nations (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985), intro., chaps. 1–3.

19. Cf. Ronald Robinson, “Non European Foundations of European Imperialism: Sketch for a Theory of Collaboration,” in Owen and Sutcliffe, Studies in the Theory of Imperialism, 82–114; John Gallagher and Ronald Robinson, “The Imperialism of Free Trade,” Economic History Review 6 (1953): 1–15.

20. Seal, The Emergence of Indian Nationalism, passim.

21. Jacob Festus, Ade Ajayi, “The Continuity of African Institutions under Colonialism,” in Emerging Themes in African History, ed. Terrance Ranger (Nairobi: East Africa Publishing House, 1968); David Kenneth Fieldhouse, “Imperialism: A Historical Revision,” Economic History Review 14 (1961): 187–209.

22. See, inter alia, Karl W. Schweizer, “Diplomacy,” in Oxford Dictionary of Enlightenment, ed. Alan Kors (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003), 360–65; Karl W. Schweizer and M. Keens-Soper, eds., The Art of Diplomacy (New York: Holmes and Maiers, 1983), intro.; Keith Hamilton and Richard Langhorne, The Practice of Diplomacy: Its Evolution, Theory and Administration (London: Routledge, 2001); Geoffrey Allen Pigman, Contemporary Diplomacy: Representation and Communication in a Globalized World (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2010).

23. Again, the relevant literature is too immense to permit full listing here. For suggestive introductions, see William McNeill, The Pursuit of Power (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1992); Geoffrey Parker, The Military Revolutions: Military Innovation and the Rise of the West 1500–1800 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999); David Eltis, The Military Revolution in 16^th Century Europe (New York: Barnes and Noble, 1995); James Shennan, The Origins of the Modern European State, 1450–1725 (London: Hutchinson, 1974); Walter Oppelo and Stephen Rosow, The Nation State and Global Order (London: Lynne Rienner, 1999), intro., chaps. 1–3; Roger Gilpin, War and Change in World Politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981); Jeremy Black, ed., War in the Early Modern World (London: West View Press, 1999), esp. intro., chaps. 6, 7, 8.

24. Karl W. Schweizer, “The Seven Years War: A System Perspective,” in The Origins of War in Early Modern Europe, ed. Jeremy Black (Edinburgh: John Donald Publishers, 1987), chap. 10, esp. bibliography notes 1–9.

25. See, inter alia, Johannes Kunisch, Staatsverfassung und Mächtepolitick (Berlin: Duncker and Humbolt, 1979); Jack Levy, War in the Modern Great Power System 1495–1975 (Lexington, KY: University of Kentucky Press, 1983); Lancelot Farrar, ed., War: A Historical, Political and Social Study (Santa Barbara, CA: University of California Press, 1978); Charles Tilly, ed., The Foundation of National States in Western Europe (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1975).

26. Cf. Christopher Norris, What’s Wrong with Postmodernism? Critical Theory and the Ends of Philosophy (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1990); Lynn Hund, ed., Jean-François Lyotard, The Post-Modern Condition: A Report on Knowledge, trans. Geoff Bennington and Brian Massumi (Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 1984); Bernhard Giesen, Nationale und Kulturelle Identität: Studien zur Entwicklung des Kollectiven Bewusstseins in der Neuzeit (Frankfurt: Suhrkamp Verlag, 1991); Daniel Wolff, ed., A Global Encyclopedia of Historical Writing (New York: Garland, 1998), 2.732–33.

27. John Henry, The Scientific Revolution and the Origins of Modern Science (Basingsoke, UK: MacMillan, 1997), 11–42; Ian Cohen, Revolutions in Science (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University. Press, 1985), John Schuster, “The Scientific Revolution,” in Companion to the History of Modern Science, ed. Richard Olby (London: Routledge, 1990), 217–242.

28. Karl W. Schweizer, ed., Herbert Butterfield: Essays on the History of Science (Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 2005), 17, 37–43, 59–73; Mary Jacob, The Cultural Meaning of the Scientific Revolution (New York: Alfred Knopf, 1988), 73–136, 117–237; Thomas Kuhn, The Essential Tension (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1977).

29. Butterfield, Essays on the History of Science, chap. 4; Karl W. Schweizer, “Humanism: More than a Descriptive Methodology,” European Legacy 16.1 (2011): 87–90.

30. Kathleen Richardson, “Me 2,” Cambridge Alumni Magazine 71 (2014): 25–27.

31. Pauline M. Rosenau, Post-Modernism and the Social Sciences: Insights, Inroads, Intrusions (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1992), intro., chaps. 1–4.