Notes
1. See, e.g., Applebaum, “A Warning from Europe”; Goldberg, Suicide of the West; Gessen, Surviving Autocracy; Nichols, Our Own Worst Enemy; Sykes, How the Right Lost Its Mind.
2. Applebaum's interview with Karen Stenner, July 19, 2019. See also Stenner, The Authoritarian Dynamic.
3. Popper, The Open Society, 1945; new ed. 2013.
4. Benda, The Betrayal of the Intellectuals.
5. Clark, Civilisation, 347.