Abstract
The use and misuse of alcohol place older adults at risk for many detrimental physical, psychological, and social consequences that frequently go undetected. A number of risk factors have been identified in the development of alcohol-related problems, including chronic medical disorders and sleep disturbances. Social isolation, loneliness, bereavement, and the presence of experiencing acute or chronic pain are identified to increase risk for alcohol problems. Gender also has been identified as a risk factor; evidence suggests that women are more vulnerable to problems associated with alcohol than are men. A case study approach is used in this article to assist nurses in assessing and evaluating some of the major problems associated with alcohol misuse in the elderly including falls, skin trauma, insomnia, weight loss, and gastroenterological problems. The CAGE is discussed as an important instrument in assessment and evaluation of alcohol misuse.