The Impact of Diglossia on Voweled and Unvoweled Word Reading in Arabic: A Developmental Study From Childhood to Adolescence

ABSTRACT

All native speakers of Arabic read in a language variety that is remarkably distant from the one they use in everyday speech. The study tested the impact of this distance on reading accuracy and fluency by comparing reading of Standard Arabic (StA) words, used in StA only, versus Spoken Arabic (SpA) words, used in SpA too, among Arabic native speakers in Grades 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 (N = 100). Pseudowords in SpA and StA were also compared. Analysis of variance results revealed significant differences in reading SpA versus StA words across all grades and in reading voweled and unvoweled words. The findings support the effect the linguistic distance between SpA and StA on word reading development.

Funding

Funding for this research was provided by the Israel Ministry of Education, Office of the Chief Scientist.

Notes

¹ The theoretical part of this section is based on Saiegh-Haddad and Henkin-Roitfarb (2014). For a detailed discussion, please refer to this chapter.

² Note that the term ‘unvoweled’ is only used for convenience. Unvoweled Arabic is not vowel-less because the elongation letters) (ا, و, ي are used to map the three long vowels of StA and these are used in unvoweled Arabic too.

³ Note that scores in the 10th grade were not always normally distributed. Therefore, the results that pertain to this grade-level have to be interpreted with extra caution.

Additional information

Funding

Funding for this research was provided by the Israel Ministry of Education, Office of the Chief Scientist.