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Prehospital Emergency Care Volume 26, 2022 - Issue 6
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Original Contributions

A One-Year Cross Sectional Analysis of Emergency Medical Services Utilization and Its Association with Hypertension in Pregnancy

Megan L. HutchcraftReceived July 18, 2021 from Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (MLH); College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (OO); Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA (EMM, EMH); City of Columbus (Ohio), Division of Fire, Columbus, OH, USA (AJM); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (HAF); Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (AL, ARP). Revision received September 28, 2021; accepted for publication September 29, 2021.Correspondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8611-6324
ORCID Icon,
Oluwabusola OlaReceived July 18, 2021 from Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (MLH); College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (OO); Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA (EMM, EMH); City of Columbus (Ohio), Division of Fire, Columbus, OH, USA (AJM); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (HAF); Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (AL, ARP). Revision received September 28, 2021; accepted for publication September 29, 2021.
,
Eric M. McLaughlinReceived July 18, 2021 from Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (MLH); College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (OO); Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA (EMM, EMH); City of Columbus (Ohio), Division of Fire, Columbus, OH, USA (AJM); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (HAF); Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (AL, ARP). Revision received September 28, 2021; accepted for publication September 29, 2021.ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2200-5905
ORCID Icon,
Erinn M. HadeReceived July 18, 2021 from Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (MLH); College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (OO); Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA (EMM, EMH); City of Columbus (Ohio), Division of Fire, Columbus, OH, USA (AJM); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (HAF); Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (AL, ARP). Revision received September 28, 2021; accepted for publication September 29, 2021.ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8977-6443
ORCID Icon,
Andrew J. MurphyReceived July 18, 2021 from Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (MLH); College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (OO); Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA (EMM, EMH); City of Columbus (Ohio), Division of Fire, Columbus, OH, USA (AJM); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (HAF); Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (AL, ARP). Revision received September 28, 2021; accepted for publication September 29, 2021.
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Heather A. FreyReceived July 18, 2021 from Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (MLH); College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (OO); Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA (EMM, EMH); City of Columbus (Ohio), Division of Fire, Columbus, OH, USA (AJM); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (HAF); Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (AL, ARP). Revision received September 28, 2021; accepted for publication September 29, 2021.ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9244-0745
ORCID Icon,
Ashley LarrimoreReceived July 18, 2021 from Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (MLH); College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (OO); Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA (EMM, EMH); City of Columbus (Ohio), Division of Fire, Columbus, OH, USA (AJM); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (HAF); Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (AL, ARP). Revision received September 28, 2021; accepted for publication September 29, 2021.
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Ashish R. PanchalReceived July 18, 2021 from Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (MLH); College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (OO); Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA (EMM, EMH); City of Columbus (Ohio), Division of Fire, Columbus, OH, USA (AJM); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (HAF); Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA (AL, ARP). Revision received September 28, 2021; accepted for publication September 29, 2021.ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-982X
ORCID Icon show all
Pages 838-847 | Received 18 Jul 2021, Accepted 29 Sep 2021, Published online: 03 Nov 2021
 
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Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the prehospital obstetric population that utilizes emergency medical services (EMS) and their association with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Methods: We conducted a retrospective evaluation of one year of all medical calls from a large, municipal, midwestern fire department. Inclusion criteria included all pregnant patients transported to a hospital by EMS. Descriptive statistics were calculated to evaluate prehospital event information (e.g., zip code, time, and duration of call), patient characteristics, and clinical management data regarding blood pressure. Census data were used to compare neighborhood information with poverty rates. Results: Of the 1,575 identified patients, 64.4% (1015/1575) presented with obstetric complaints, 57.4% (700/1220) were in their third trimester and 72.7% (686/944) were multiparous. The median call duration was 17 (interquartile range 12–22) minutes. In the areas where EMS usage was highest, one quarter of individuals lived below the poverty level. Of the studied population, 32.0% (504/1575) were found to be hypertensive; 14.9% (75/504) of hypertensive patients were found to have severe hypertension. Only one patient (1/1575, 0.06%) presented with a chief complaint of hypertension; the rest were discovered by EMS. The highest rates of hypertension were noted in wealthier areas of the city. Patients with severe hypertension were more likely to present with seizures, consistent with eclampsia. Conclusion: Hypertension is common in the obstetric population using EMS. Prehospital management of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy may focus on identification and treatment of severe pre-eclampsia or eclampsia. Areas with longer call times may consider treatment of severe hypertension. Prehospital treatment of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy could be optimized.

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