Effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticle as an additive on the exhaust characteristics of diesel-water emulsion fuel blends

Abstract

The present article details the exhaust characteristics of a CI engine fueled with diesel-water emulsion fuel blends and TiO₂ nanoadditive incorporated emulsion fuel blends. BD with different concentrations of water and TiO₂ nanoparticle were prepared using mechanical agitation, followed by an ultra-sonication process. The physiochemical properties of test fuel were measured based on EN590 standards, and the results show a good agreement with standard limits. The experiments were carried out in a single-cylinder, four stroke, and natural aspirated diesel engine under different BMEP conditions. The emission characteristics of test fuels show that the water emulsified BDs reduce the NO_x and smoke emissions. The HC and CO emissions of water emulsified BD are seem to be higher at low-engine loads, and this trend is reversed at high-engine loads. 10% water in BD reduces the EGT by 8.8% at peak BMEP condition. An inclusion of TiO₂ nanoparticle significantly improves the exhaust characteristics.

Keywords:

• diesel engine
• emission characteristics
• emulsion fuel
• exhaust characteristics
• TiO2 nanoparticle

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.