Selection and Identification of Fungi Isolated from Sugarcane Bagasse and their Application for Phenanthrene Removal from Soil

This work investigated the identification and selection of fungi isolated from sugarcane bagasse and their application for phenanthrene (Phe) removal from soil. Fungi were identified by PCR amplification of ITS regions as Aspergillus terrus, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger, Penicillium glabrum and Cladosporium cladosporioides. A primary selection of fungi was accomplished in plate, considering Phe tolerance of every strain in two different media: potato dextrose agar (PDA) and mineral medium (MM). The radial extension rate (r_r) in PDA exhibited significant differences (p < 0.05) at 200 and 400 ppm of Phe. A secondary selection of A. niger, C. cladosporoides, and P. glabrum sp. was achieved based on their tolerance to 200, 400, 600 and 800 ppm of Phe, in solid culture at a sugarcane bagasse/contaminated soil ratio of 95:5, in Toyamas, Czapeck and Wunder media. Under these conditions, a maximum (70%) Phe removal by A. niger was obtained. In addition C. cladosporioides and A. niger were able to remove high (800 ppm) Phe concentrations.

Key Words:

• Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
• Phenanthrene (Phe)
• Solid culture
• Intergenic transcribed sequences (ITS)
• Bioremediation.

Notes

*Significant differences, with α = 0.05, between radial extension rate (r_r), of strains at different phenanthrene (Phe) concentrations. Incubated in potato dextrose agar (PDA), and mineral medium (MM), at 30°C for 15 d.