Biofiltration of air polluted with methane at concentration levels similar to swine slurry emissions: Influence of ammonium concentration

Abstract

An evaluation of the effect of ammonium on the performance of two up-flow inorganic packed bed biofilters treating methane was conducted. The air flow rate was set to 3.0 L min⁻¹ for an empty bed residence time of 6.0 min. The biofilter was fed with a methane concentration of 0.30% (v/v). The ammonium concentration in the nutrient solution was increased by small increments (from 0.01 to 0.025 gN-NH₄ ⁺ L⁻¹) for one biofilter and by large increments of 0.05 gN-NH₄ ⁺ L⁻¹ in the other biofilter. The total concentration of nitrogen was kept constant at 0.5 gN-NH₄ ⁺ L⁻¹ throughout the experiment by balancing ammonium with nitrate. For both biofilters, the methane elimination capacity, carbon dioxide production, nitrogen bed retention and biomass content decreased with the ammonium concentration in the nutrient solution. The biofilter with smaller ammonium increments featured a higher elimination capacity and carbon dioxide production rate, which varied from 4.9 to 14.3 g m⁻³ h⁻¹ and from 11.5 to 30 g m⁻³ h⁻¹, respectively. Denitrification was observed as some values of the nitrate production rate were negative for ammonium concentrations below 0.2 gN-NH₄ ⁺ L⁻¹. A Michalelis-Menten-type model fitted the ammonium elimination rate and the nitrate production rate.

Keywords:

• Methane (CH₄)
• ammonium (NH₄ ⁺)
• inhibition
• biofilter
• nitrate (NO₃ ⁻)

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by a Strategic grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada to Michèle Heitz in partnership with le Centre de Recherche Industrielle du Québec and Viaporc inc. The authors want to express their gratitude to the technical staff of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering in Université de Sherbooke. Thanks are also provided to Professor Ryszard Brzezinski and MSc Student Pascal Viens from the Department of Biology at Université de Sherbrooke for their support with the microbiological aspects throughout the project.