Evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of Hypericum spp. on human glioblastoma A1235 and breast cancer MDA MB-231 cells

ABSTRACT

Cytotoxic activity of 16 Hypericum ethanolic extracts was evaluated by MTT assay on two human cancer cell lines: glioblastoma A1235 and breast cancer MDA MB-231. Morphology and the type of induced cell death were determined using light and fluorescence microscopy. The majority of Hypericum extracts had no significant cytotoxic effect on MDA MB-231 cells. Eight extracts exhibited mild cytotoxic effect on A1235 cells after 24 h incubation, ranging from 8.0% (H. patulum) to 21.7% (H. oblongifolium). After 72 h of treatment, the strongest inhibition of A1235 viability was observed for extracts of H. androsaemum (26.4–43.9%), H. balearicum (25.8–36.3%), H. delphicum (14.8–27.4%) and H. densiflorum (11.2–24.1%). Micro-scopic examination of cells showed apoptosis as the dominant type of cell death. Due to observed high viability of treated cells, we propose that cytotoxic effects of Hypericum extracts could be related to alternations/interruptions in the cell cycle.

KEYWORDS:

• Hypericum
• A1235 glioblastoma cells
• MDA MB-231 breast cancer cells
• cell viability inhibition

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Ana Marija Marjanović and Ivan Pavičić from the Radiation Dosimetry and Radiobiology Unit at the Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health for kindly providing laboratory facilities.

Funding

This research was supported by the Science and Research Funding of University of Zagreb under Grant BM2.2.