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ABSTRACT
Although microbial degradation plays a major role in the removal of bisphenol A (BPA) from water environments, there is little information on the effect of BPA on microorganisms in wastewater treatment systems. The aim of this study was to determine the dynamics of the microbial communities in biofilm growing on porous ceramic supports in a column up-flow reactor during exposure to BPA at increasing concentrations from 0 to 10 mg L−1. Independent of BPA load, the efficiency of BPA removal was about 90%. Groups of microorganisms that differ in their sensitivity to the presence of BPA in wastewater were identified. The core microbial genera in the biofilm were Acidovorax, Pseudoxanthomonas and Acinetobacter. Arenimonas sp., Thauera sp. and Acidobacterium sp. were the main components of the biofilm in the absence of BPA in wastewater. Increased abundances of Pseudomonas sp., Acidovorax sp. and Luteimonas sp. in BPA-exposed biofilm indicate that these genera may have played important roles in BPA biodegradation. A correlation between Pseudomonas sp. abundance and BPA removal efficiency indicates that BPA was used directly as a source of carbon and energy for growth. This study indicates that the use of the biofilm reactor enables effective BPA removal from wastewater and expands knowledge about the microbial structure of communities responsible for BPA degradation.
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Funding
The molecular study was supported by National Science Centre, Poland (2013/09/B/NZ9/01811), the technological study by National Science Centre, Poland (NN 523 611939).