Notes
1. C. L. R. James, The C.L.R. James Reader, Anna Grimshaw, ed. (New York: Bantam Books, 1948; 1992).
2. Walter Rodney, How Europe Underdeveloped Africa (Washington, D.C.: Howard University Press, 1982) and Eric Williams, Capitalism and Slavery (London: André Deutsch, 1944).
3. Michael Martin and Marilyn Yaquinto, “Reparations for 'America's Holocaust': Activism for Global Justice,” Race and Class 45(4): April–June 2004, 22.
4. W. E. B. Du Bois, “The Souls of Black Folk” in Three Negro Classics (New York: Avon Books, 1965), 308–9.
5. Martin and Yaquinto, 3.
6. Karl Marx, Grundrisse translated by Martin Nicolaus (New York: Penguin Books,1973), 513.
7. Eugene Genovese, The World the Slaveholders Made (New York: Vintage Books, 1969).
8. Moses Finley, “Slavery” in A Dictionary of Marxist Thought, Tom Bottomore, ed. (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1983), 441.
9. Pierre Bourdieu and Loïc J.D. Wacquant, An Invitation to Reflexive Sociology (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992).
10. Ashley Montagu, Statement on Race (New York: Oxford University Press, 1972).
11. E. Ellis Cashmore, Dictionary of Race and Ethnic Relations (London: Routledge, 1984), 284.
12. Glenn Loury, “It's Futile to Put a Price on Slavery,”
13. Agnes Heller, Beyond Justice (Oxford: Basil Blackwell,1987), 122.
14. Manning Marable, How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America (Boston: South End Press, 1983), 130.
15. George Jackson, Blood in My Eye (New York: Bantam, 1972), 176.
16. Barbara Jeanne Fields, “Slavery, Race, and Ideology in the United States of America,”
17. Jackson, Blood, 190–1.
18. Daniel Bensaid, Marx for Our Times(New York: Verso, 2002), 128.
19. Charles Mills, “The Racial Polity” in Racism and Philosophy, Susan Babbitt and Sue Campbell, eds. (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1999), 29.
20. Robert Staples, “The Illusion of Racial Equality: The Black American Dilemma” in Lure and Loathing: Essays on Race, Identity, and the Ambivalence of Assimilation, Gerald Early, ed. (New York: Penguin Books, 1993), 230–1.
21. Adolph Reed, Jr., Stirrings in the Jug: Black Politics in the Post–Segregation Era(Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1999).
22. See Pem Davison Buck, “Race and Criminalization: Black Americans and the Punishment Industry” in The House That Race Built, Waheema Lubiano, ed. (New York: Vintage Books, 1999).
23. See George M. Frederickson, The Comparative Imagination (New York: Vintage Books, 2000).
24. Henry Hampton and Steve Fayer, Voices of Freedom: An Oral History of the Civil Rights Movement from the 1950s through the 1980s(New York: Bantam Books, 1991), 561.
25. Mumia Abu–Jamal, Live From Death Row (New York: Addison–Wesley Publishing Co., 1995), 6–8.
26. Ibid., 64–65.
27. Mumia Abu–Jamal, Death Blossoms: Reflections of a Prisoner of Conscience (Farmington, Penn.: The Plough Publishing House, 1997), 11.
28. Randall Kennedy, Race, Crime, and the Law (New York: Vintage Books, 1997).