Comprehensive study of Nepeta phyllochlamys: morphological, micromorphological, molecular, and antioxidant analyses

Abstract

This research encompasses a comprehensive study of Nepeta phyllochlamys, an endemic species around the Antalya province of Turkey. Morphological investigations revealed decumbent stems with dense tomentose or villous hairs, triangular-ovate or deltoid leaves covered in velutinous and tomentose hairs, and pinkish-yellow corollas. Micromorphological examinations using scanning electron microscopy unveiled intricate surface characteristics. Molecular analysis demonstrated 96% similarity with Nepeta cataria and established phylogenetic relationships. Biological activity investigations focused on antioxidant properties. The 70% ethyl alcohol extract exhibited notable antioxidant activity (IC₅₀: 0.32 ± 0.025 mg/mL), albeit weaker than gallic acid. The total phenolic content assessment showed the highest in ethyl alcohol extract (88.8 ± 0.04 mg GAE/g extract) and the lowest in ethyl acetate extract (29.4 ± 0.02 mg GAE/g extract). These findings highlighted N. phyllochlamys’ morphological, micromorphological, molecular, and biological aspects, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of this species.

Keywords:

• Nepeta phyllochlamys
• morphological studies
• micromorphological studies
• molecular studies
• antioxidant activity
• total phenolic content

Acknowledgement

This study was supported within the scope of the project numbered 2202E008 accepted by the BAP (Scientific Research Projects) Commission. We would like to extend our gratitude to the BAP commission.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).