Family experiences of visitor attractions in New Zealand: differing opportunities for ‘family time’ and ‘own time’

Abstract

Studies of family leisure and holidays reveal that an important goal of these experiences is the fostering of family togetherness and social connectedness away from usual work/life pressures. As outlined by [Schänzel, H. A., and K. A. Smith. 2014. “The Socialization of Families Away from Home: Group Dynamics and Family Functioning on Holiday.” Leisure Sciences 36 (2): 126–143], however, family experiences of leisure include opportunities for both ‘family time’ and ‘own time’. Family time incorporates opportunities for strengthening family bonds by creating family memories and allowing learning to occur. By contrast, own time encapsulates freedom from those family commitments to pursue one's own interests and to seek respite from the obligatory commitments of family life. Using data collected in face-to-face questionnaires completed with 221 New Zealand family groups, this paper seeks to explore the extent to which family time and own time experiences are differently perceived by parents accompanying their children to three family-friendly visitor attractions in Christchurch, New Zealand. In particular, the paper explores the motivations and experiences sought by fathers visiting with their child/ren at these attractions and compares these with mothers’ motivations and experiences. Findings show that fathers have differing motivations and seek different experiences than mothers at these attractions, and that these motivations vary based on whether they are attending visitor attractions as sole parents or accompanied by a co-parent.

Keywords:

• domestic family visitors
• family leisure
• own time
• fathers
• visitor attractions
• New Zealand

Notes on contributors

1 Joanna Fountain is a senior lecturer in Tourism Management at Lincoln University, New Zealand. Key research interests include tourist behaviour and experiences, particularly involving wine and other agrifoods, cultural heritage tourism, and regional and destination branding.

2 Heike Schänzel is a senior lecturer in International Tourism Management at Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand. Research interests include tourist behaviour and experiences, sociality in tourism, theory development in tourism and hospitality and qualitative research methods.

3 Emma J. Stewart is a senior lecturer in Parks and Tourism at Lincoln University, New Zealand. Research interests include human dimensions of climate change; resident responses to tourism; polar tourism; community-based research approaches and qualitative research methods.

4 Nora Körner completed a Master of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management at Lincoln University, New Zealand. Since completing her studies she has returned home to Germany to work.