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Original Articles

Gender, identity, and human security: Can we learn anything from the case of women terrorists?

Pages 119-140 | Published online: 14 Mar 2011
 

Abstract

Can the notion of human security be effective in helping us to both understand and address the phenomenon of terrorism? This article attempts to explore the phenomenon of terrorism through a security lens, particularly through the use of human and societal security. It begins with a brief discussion of the efficacy of Canadian human security policy, noting that in its present form, Canadian human security is not capable of addressing the phenomenon of terrorism outside of traditional security parameters (protect the state and civilians within). The substance of the article focuses on the theoretical debates about security and further discusses how a gender approach to security exposes the power dynamics and inequalities of the security dynamic. An alternative approach is proposed, examining security from positions of dominance and non‐dominance. To explore the relevance of this securities approach, a preliminary discussion of women terrorists is presented. The question as to whether or not human security applies to those who both suffer from, and cause, insecurity is raised. It is argued that for human security to have any efficacy with regard to the phenomenon of terrorism, the inequalities that lie behind the violent acts need to be recognized as a part of the security dynamic.

La notion de sécurité humaine peut‐elle nous aider à la fois à comprendre et à traiter du terrorisme? Cet article tente d'explorer ce phénomène du point de vue de la sécurité et surtout de la sécurité humaine et sociétale. Il aborde d'abord brièvement la politique de sécurité humaine canadienne, précisant que, dans sa forme actuelle, celle‐ci ne peut appréhender le phénomène du terrorisme en dehors des paramètres traditionnels de la sécurité (protection de l'État et des civils). Le fond de l'article est le débat théorique concernant la sécurité et le fait qu'en matière de sécurité, une démarche comparative entre les sexes fait ressortir la dynamique du pouvoir et les inégalités propres à la dynamique de la sécurité. Ainsi propose‐t‐on une démarche différente, en examinant la sécurité dans des situations de dominance et de non‐dominance. Pour juger de la pertinence d'une telle démarche, on ébauche une discussion préliminaire des femmes terroristes. On se demande si la sécurité humaine s'applique à ceux qui souffrent d'insécurité et à ceux qui la provoquent. On estime que, pour que la sécurité humaine fasse le poids face au phénomène du terrorisme, il faut reconnaître, dans le contexte de la dynamique sécuritaire, les inégalités qui sont sources d'actes de violence.

Notes

Gunhild Hoogensen is Associate Professor and Head of Research in the Department of Political Science at the University of Tromsø, Norway. She is the research leader for the Human Security Program and project leader for Human Security in the Arctic.

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