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Research Article

Taxonomic estimates of climbing plants in India: how many species are out there?

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, , , , , , & ORCID Icon show all
Pages 325-343 | Received 06 Mar 2022, Accepted 23 Jun 2022, Published online: 15 Jul 2022
 

ABSTRACT

We present the first-ever attempt to estimate the taxonomic diversity of climbing plants in India, following the recent APG IV classification. We used more than 100 published and unpublished sources spanning more than a century to compile the extensive list of climbers. Our study revealed that the climbing plants in India are phylogenetically diverse, representing 2624 species radiated across 585 genera and 104 spermatophyte plant families. About two-thirds of the total climbers enumerated from the present study are lianas. Scramblers, in particular, are exclusively woody, unlike twiners and tendril climbers. The diversity of climbing mechanisms varied significantly across the 104 climber families. We also present the revised list of global climbing plant families, adding significantly to the existing dataset. We found that the climber diversity data collected exclusively from the ecological inventories or the taxonomic records underestimated the actual climber diversity by a significant margin. We discuss some of the key constraints in developing a climber database and recommend a replicable model, integrating ecology and taxonomy-based enumerations for the most precise estimate of climber diversity within a defined geographical area. The baseline data generated through our research will find applications in many ecological, taxonomic, phylogenetic, and evolutionary studies on climbers.

Résumé

Nous présentons la première tentative d’estimation de la diversité taxonomique des plantes grimpantes en Inde, suivant la plus récente classification APG IV. Nous avons utilisé plus de 100 sources, publiées ou non, couvrant plus d’un siècle, afin de dresser la liste des plantes grimpantes. Notre étude a révélé que les plantes grimpantes en Inde sont phylogénétiquement diversifiées, représentant 2624 espèces parmi 585 genres et 104 familles de plantes spermatophytes. Environ les deux tiers de toutes les plantes grimpantes énumérées dans cette étude sont des lianes. Les plantes rampantes sont exclusivement ligneuses, contrairement aux plantes volubiles ou à vrilles. La diversité des mécanismes grimpants varie significativement parmi les 104 familles. Nous présentons aussi la liste mondiale révisée des familles de plantes grimpantes, en faisant des ajouts importants à la base de données. Nous avons découvert que les données sur la diversité des plantes grimpantes collectées exclusivement lors d’inventaires écologiques ou dans les archives taxonomiques sous-estiment significativement la diversité réelle. Nous discutons certaines des principales contraintes au développement d’une base de données des plantes grimpantes et nous recommandons un modèle réplicable, combinant les dénombrements écologiques et taxonomiques afin d’obtenir l’estimation la plus précise de la diversité des plantes grimpantes d’une région. Les données générées par notre étude seront utiles à plusieurs études écologiques, taxonomiques, phylogénétiques et de l’évolution des plantes grimpantes.

Acknowledgments

We thank the reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions that improved the quality of the manuscript. VP thanks Dr. Prithviraj for his comments on improving this manuscript. KNB thanks the library team, the French Institute of Pondicherry, for providing resources (floras). We thank Siddhi Panchal, Tarangini, Gayathri, Abhinav, Afzal, Alida, Ansa, Finsha, Indushree, Madesh Ram, Mahida, Sameema, Shonima, Swikruti, and Vishal for helping in exporting the list of species from the published articles.

Data availability statement

The datasets used and analysed in this study are available from the corresponding authors on reasonable request.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Supplementary material

Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2022.2094631

Additional information

Funding

Funding was provided by the Manipal Centre for Natural Sciences, Centre of Excellence, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.

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