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Abstract
Optimal node positioning to ensure energy efficiency is a challenge in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Energy can be conserved in WSN when the sensors are positioned at optimum locations. In this paper, an intelligent scheme to form multi-floor clusters by subdividing the topology into regions is proposed. Some random nodes are elected as Cluster Heads (CHs). The CH determines the number of neighboring nodes in each floor of the indoor surrounding. It sends requests to the members in the cluster to measure the Received Signal Strength (RSS). The node positions are estimated by applying Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) on the recorded RSS fingerprints. Kernelized ELM provides access to high dimensional input space with less computational cost and time. The proposed scheme provides more efficient control over the network during fluctuations. Once clusters are set up, the RSS of each node is collected to create a fingerprint database. The target node position is determined by matching the currently recorded RSS with the stored fingerprint. The performance of the proposed intelligent clustering technique is analyzed for both static and mobile nodes with varying samples and reference points. Extensive experiments conducted show that the propounded scheme offers better scalability and reduced Cumulative Percentile of Error (CPE).
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No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
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Notes on contributors
A. Christy Jeba Malar
Dr A. Christy Jeba Malar is currently working as Associate Professor in the Department of Information Technology at Sri Krishna College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. She received her Master’s degree from Anna University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India in the year 2009 and her Ph.D. degree in the year 2019 from Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. She has 12.5 years of teaching experience. Her research interests include Pervasive Computing and Wireless Indoor Localization Systems.
M. Deva Priya
Dr M. Deva Priya is currently working as Associate Professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at Sri Krishna College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. She received her Master’s degree in the year 2007 and her Ph.D. degree in the year 2015 from Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. She has 12.5 years of teaching experience. Her research interests include Wireless and IoT Networks. She has published more than 45 papers in reputed Journals and Conferences. She is a life member of ISTE, ISRD, member in IAENG and Senior Member in UACEE.
J. Sengathir
J. Sengathir is currently working as an Associate Professor in the Department of Information Technology at CVR College of Engineering, Mangalpally, Telangana, India. He has received his B.Tech. degree in Computer Science and Engineering, M.Tech. degree in Information security and Ph.D. degree in Mobile ad hoc Networks from Pondicherry Engineering College, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India. He is the recipient of the Pondicherry University Gold Medal in the year 2010. He has more than 14 years of teaching experience in handling subjects like Automata Languages and Computation, Information Security and Compiler Design. His fields of interest include Mobile Ad hoc Networks and Software Engineering.
N. Kiruthiga
N. Kiruthiga is currently working as Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at Sri Krishna College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. She received her Bachelor’s degree in the year 2013 and her Master’s degree as Gold Medalist in the year 2015 from Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. She has 4 years of teaching experience. Her research interests include Wireless and IoT Networks. She is a life member of ISRD, member in ISTE and IAENG.
R. Anitha
R. Anitha is currently working as Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science at Sri Krishna College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. She received her Bachelor’s degree from Avinashilingam University, Coimbatore in 2009 and her Master's degree from Anna University, Chennai as a Gold Medalist in the year 2014. Her research interests include Wireless and IoT Networks. She is a life member of ISRD, member in ISTE and IAENG.
T. Sangeetha
T. Sangeetha working as Assistant Professor in the Department of Information Technology at Sri Krishna College of Technology, Coimbatore. She received her Master's degree from Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India in 2012. She is currently pursuing her research in Machine Learning.