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Acta Botanica Gallica
Botany Letters
Volume 151, 2004 - Issue 3
384
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Original Articles

Stress-induced cytological and chemical adaptations in Cupressus plants from an urban area of Palermo (Italy)

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Pages 265-283 | Received 05 Jan 2004, Accepted 16 Jun 2004, Published online: 27 Apr 2013
 

Abstract

We studied stress-induced cytological and chemical adaptations in Cupressus pollens and needles from the area of Palermo (Sicily, Italy), in polluted and control sites (unpolluted) of urban and suburban areas. Pollen and needle chemical composition were investigated to provide an indicator of contamination of the trees, which were also examined structurally throughout one year. The concentration of particulate with lead was found to be significantly higher in plants at the polluted traffic site. Lead is one of the worst particulate pollutants in cities, especially in the winter season. In trees from the polluted site, all structural analysis revealed displasies. Structural changes, observed in trees from polluted sites, are most likely caused by the toxic effects of various pollutants, for example particulate, because fine particulate, with metals, is on the rise at present. We studied the effects on the pollen with an optical microscope, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and cytochemical staining of esterases and acid phosphatase.

Résumé

Nous avons étudié les effets cytologiques et chimiques dus au stress dans les pollens et les aiguilles du Cyprès commun à Palerme (Sicilie, Italie), dans des stations polluées et témoin des zones urbaines et suburbaines. Nous avons examiné la composition chimique du pollen et des aiguilles pour déterminer un indicateur de stress des arbres, qui ont été aussi examinés pendant une année. La concentration de plomb s'est révélée beaucoup plus haute dans la station polluée. L'analyse structurelle des arbres dans la station polluée a révélé des dysplasies. Les changements structurels qui y ont été observés sont causés, selon toute probabilité, par les effets toxiques de différentes substances polluantes, par exemple la poudre fine de plomb. Nous avons examiné les effets dans les pollens avec un microscope optique, un microscope électronique à balayage et la coloration cytochimique des estérases et des phosphatases acides.

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